Lecture 15 Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
1
Q
What things are assessed in kidney disease
A
Excretion
Barrier
Anatomy
2
Q
Creatinine levels depend on__
A
– Age – Ethnicity – Gender – Weight – Liver disease- low
3
Q
What is stage 1 CKD
A
Normal or high GFR
>90
4
Q
What is stage 2 CKD
A
Mild reduction in GFR
60-89
5
Q
What is stage 3a CKD
A
Moderately impaired
GFR 45-59
6
Q
What is stage 3b CKD
A
Moderately impaired
GFR 30-44
7
Q
What is stage 4 of CKD
A
Severely impaired
GFR 15-29
8
Q
What components cross the GBM
A
- Water
- Electrolytes
- Urea
- Creatinine
9
Q
What components cross the GBM but are reabsorbed in the PCT
A
- Glucose
* Lower molecular weight proteins (O2 microglobulin)
10
Q
What components do not cross the GBM
A
- Cells (WBC, RBC)
* High molecular weight proteins (albumin, globulin)
11
Q
What other tests can be done to assess kidney function
A
• Urinalysis – Blood – Protein • Protein quantification – Protein creatinine ration (PCR) – Albumin creatinine ratio
12
Q
Name aetiologies of CKD
A
- Diabetes
- Glomerulonephritis
- Hypertension
- Renovascular disease
- Polycystic kidney disease
13
Q
What are the symptom and signs of CKD
A
- Pallor secondary to anaemia
- Hypertension
- SOB
- Itch and cramps
- Cognitive changes
- Change in urine output
- Haematuria
- Proteinuria
- Peripheral oedema
14
Q
What tests can be done to diagnose kidney disease
A
• U&Es • FBC- anaemia • Urine dip • Urine PCR (24-hour collection) • Renal bx Ultrasound Biochemistry Coagulaiton screen
15
Q
How is CKD managed
A
- Blood pressure- most important
- Control proteinuria (ACIE, ARB)
- Treat underlying cause
