lecture 15 - Cell Cycle control + Cancer

Question 1

why is checking a cell important before dividing

Answer 1

cell density and resource demands

Question 2

cyclin is/during

Answer 2

a protein that promotes division with growth during checkpoint 1

Question 3

CDK is

Answer 3

phosphorylates and activates kinases (adding phosphates) to activate cyclin

Question 4

E2F is

Answer 4

following CDK and cyclin phosphorylated, it triggers s-phase to get through checkpoint 1 and produce proteins

Question 5

P53 is

Answer 5

a signal to stop cell division if DNA damage is present

Question 6

Mutagens are

Answer 6

kinks in DNA

Question 7

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Answer 7

recognizes the issue of DNA, removes it, and polymerase fills in

Question 8

recA is

Answer 8

during ecoli it facilitates DNA repair

Question 9

uvrA is

Answer 9

during ecoli it signals to repair

Question 10

Telomeres are

Answer 10

buffers at the end of chromosomes

Question 11

problem of the Lagging Strand

Answer 11

ends of lagging strands cannot replicate w/ polymerase (no 3’ extension)

Question 12

Hayflick Limit

Answer 12

average duration of dividing (before cell death)

Question 13

Telomeres predict what

Answer 13

life span as it determines how many times a cell can divide

Question 14

Telomerase is

Answer 14

an enzyme that has an RNA primer that restores telomere length

Question 15

DNA Polymerase is/during

Answer 15

proofread and fix mismatches of chromatids during checkpoint 2

Question 16

MPF is/during

Answer 16

cyclin + CDK is to initiate mitosis during checkpoint 2

Question 17

MPF and Cyclin relationship

Answer 17

if there is more MPF activity, then cyclin is increased

Question 18

Metaphase Checkpoint is/during

Answer 18

to check if the spindle is correct during checkpoint 3