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Biochemistry Exam II > Lecture 15-16 > Flashcards

Lecture 15-16 Flashcards

1
Q

Saturated Fatty Acids

A
  • High MP
  • High Flexibility
  • All C-C bonds (no double bonds)
  • Linear hydrocarbon
  • Animal Fats
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2
Q

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

A
  • Lower MP
  • Low Flexibility
  • Many C-C bonds
  • cis or trans
  • plant oils or processed fats
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3
Q

Shorter fatty acids melt at ____ temperatures than longer fatty acids.

A

lower

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4
Q

Fatty acids form…

A

micelles

fatty acids are wedge-shaped and tend to form spherical micelles

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5
Q

How are omega fatty acids named?

A

For the position of the double bond closest to the methyl end of the fatty acid

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6
Q

What two fatty acids cannot be synthesized by humans?

A

Linoleic Acid

Linolenic Acid

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7
Q

ALA or Linolenic acid is converted to:
Also, what are the Omega-3 fatty acids?
(answer is the same)

A

EPA

DHA

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8
Q

Why are omega fatty acids important?

A
  • they are used in cell membrane and other important lipids
  • are a common energy source
  • promote good health by improving cardiovascular health
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9
Q

Laurate

A

12 carbons

0 double bonds

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10
Q

Myristate

A

14 carbons

0 double bonds

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11
Q

Palmitate

A

16 carbons

0 double bonds

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12
Q

Stearate

A

18 carbons

0 double bonds

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13
Q

Arachidate

A

20 carbons

0 double bonds

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14
Q

Behenate

A

22 carbons

0 double bonds

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15
Q

Lignocerate

A

24 carbons

0 double bonds

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16
Q

Palmitoleate

A

16 carbons

1 double bond

17
Q

Oleate

A

18 carbons

1 double bond

18
Q

Linoleate

A

18 carbons

2 double bonds

19
Q

Linolenate

A

18 carbons

3 double bonds

20
Q

Archidonate

A

20 carbons

4 double bonds

21
Q

Phospholipids

A

contain phosphates

Glycerophospholipids

22
Q

Glycolipids

A

contain sugars

Glycosphingolipids

23
Q

Cholesterol

A

lipid bilayer

Adds rigidity to cell membranes

24
Q

Bilayer

A

when multiple hydrocarbon tails are present, lipids form a bilayer
phospholipids are more cylindrical and pack together to form a bilayer structure

25
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

A

cell membranes are made up of several different types of structures that allow for their flexible natures

26
Q

Membrane Proteins Functions

A
  • receive external signals
  • transmit signals into cytoplasm
  • transmit signals into another cell
  • allow solutes thought the membrane
  • help to determine membrane thickness and rigidity
27
Q

Dual role of a lipid bilayer

A
  1. 2D liquid that allows lateral movement of proteins and lipids
  2. permeability barrier

Biochemistry Exam II (7 decks)

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