Lecture 14: Measuring health in pops

Question 1

What is epidemiology?

Answer 1

“The study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related events, states or processes in specified populations…”

Question 2

What is absolute poverty?

Answer 2

“Income level below which a minimum nutritionally adequate diet plus essential non-food requirements is not affordable. The amount of income a person, family, or group needs to purchase an absolute amount of the basic necessities of life”

Question 3

What is relative poverty?

Answer 3

“The amount of income a person, family, or group needs to purchase a relative amount of basic necessities of life; these basic necessities are identified relative to each society and economy”

Question 4

What are the social determinants of health?

Answer 4

“The social determinants of health are the conditions in
which people are born, grow, live, work and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life.”

Question 5

How does NZDep measure deprivation?

Answer 5

With a 1-10 decile system. (area based measure)
* Deciles:
one is an area with least deprived score, ten is an area with the most deprived score

Question 6

What are 4 key factors when Assessing socioeconomic status?

Answer 6

Occupation
Income
Education
Living standards measures

Question 7

What are two important patterns of health distribution in NZ?

Answer 7

Ethnicity and Socio-Economic status

Question 8

What are the 4 levels of the social determinants of health?

Answer 8

1. Individual lifestyle factors
   - smoking, drinking, diet, physical activity
2. Social and community influences
   - what others doin the community, living in a neighbourhood?
3. Living and working conditions
   - housing, employed, type of work
4. General socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions
   - socioeconomic factors at national level, air quality