Lecture 14 - Face

Question 1

Platysma

Answer 1

Origin: •SubQof infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions

Insertion: •Base of mandible, skin of cheek, lower lip, angle of mouth, orbicularis oris

Action: •Depresses mandible; tenses skin of inferior face and neck

Question 2

Occipitofrontalis

Answer 2

Origin: •Anteriorly from epicranial aponeurosis •Posteriorly from superior nuchal line

Insertion: •Epicranial aponeurosis posteriorly and skin and subQof eyebrows and forehead anteriorly

Action: •Elevates eyebrows, protracts scalp

Question 3

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 3

Origin: •Orbital margin; palpebral ligament; lacrimal bone

Insertion: •Skin around margin of orbit; tarsal plates

Action: •Closes eyelids

Question 4

Procerus (nose)

Answer 4

Origin: •Facial aponeurosis; lateral nasal cartilages

Insertion: •Skin between eyebrows

Action: •Depresses medial sides of eyebrows and wrinkles skin over dorsum of nose

Question 5

Nasalis

Answer 5

Origin: •Frontal processes of maxillae

Insertion: •Alar cartilage

Action: •Depresses alae laterally and dilates anterior nasal aperture

Question 6

Orbicularis oris:

Answer 6

Origin: •Medial maxilla and mandible; deep surface of skin around mouth

Insertion: •Mucosa of lips

Action: •Closes oral fissure; compresses and protrudes lips

Question 7

Levatorlabii superioris:

Answer 7

Origin: •Infraorbital margin

Insertion: •Skin of upper lip

Action: •Part of dilators of mouth

Question 8

Zygomaticus minor

Answer 8

Origin: •Anterior part of zygomatic bone

Insertion: •Skin of upper lip

Action: •Part of dilators of mouth

Question 9

Zygomaticus major

Answer 9

Origin: •Lateral part of zygomatic bone

Insertion: •Angle of mouth

Action: •Elevates labial commissures (corner of mouth)

Question 10

Risorius

Answer 10

Origin: •Parotid fascia and buccal skin

Insertion: •Angle of mouth

Action: •Depresses labial commissures (corner of mouth

Question 11

Depressor angulioris

Answer 11

Origin: •Anterolateral base of mandible

Insertion: •Angle of mouth

Action: •Depresses labial commissures (corner of mouth)

Question 12

Depressor labii inferioris

Answer 12

Origin: •Platysma and anterolateral body of mandible

Insertion: •Skin of lower lip

Action: •Mouth dilator; depresses and everts lower lip

Question 13

Facial artery

Answer 13

• Branch of external carotid artery
• Winds around lower border of mandible and becomes superficial
• Passes lateral to angle of mouth
• Branches:
• Superior and inferior labial arteries
• Lateral nasal artery
• Angular artery

Question 14

Superficial temporal

Answer 14

• Terminal ranch of external carotid artery
• Emerges between TMJ and auricle
• Enters temporal fossa
• Divides into frontal and parietal branches

Question 15

Transverse facial

Answer 15

• Arises from superficial temporal artery
• Crosses face superficial to masseter muscle
• Anastomoses with facial artery
• Branches supply:
• Parotid gland
• Masseter muscle
• Skin of face

Question 16

Sensory innervation of the face is via the trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Answer 16

Three branches:
•Opthalamic
•Maxillary
•Mandibular

Other sensory nerves:
•Greater occipital
•Lesser occipital
•Great auricular (cervical plexus)

Question 17

____ is the primary motor nerve to muscles of facial expression.

Answer 17

Cranial nerve 7 (Facial nerve)

• It supplies muscles derived from second pharyngeal arch (hyoid arch).
• Branches: •Temporal •Zygomatic •Buccal •Mandibular •Cervical