Lecture 14

Question 1

What are the 3 conditions for starting phonation?

Answer 1

1) bringing the VFs together
2) exert tension
3) air flow/supply from lungs

Question 2

The myoelastic/aerodynamic thearoy explains what?

Answer 2

Phonation/VF behaviors

Question 3

VF opening and closing is regulated by what two things?

Answer 3

1) the degree of tension in the VFs

2) aerodynamic events

Question 4

What is the Bernoulli effect?

Answer 4

Increased velocity of air molecules generates negative air pressure

Question 5

What aerodynamic factor opens the VFs to repeat vibratory cycles?

Answer 5

Positive pressure below the VFs

Question 6

What are the four steps of phonation?

Answer 6

1) VF approximation
2) positive subglotal pressure
3) puff of air emitted
4) folds return to the midline

Question 7

What two prices return the VFs to the midline?

Answer 7

1) tissue elasticity

2) negative glottal pressure

Question 8

Incomplete closure of the VFs results in an OQ of ____%

Answer 8

100%

Question 9

Pitch is a _________ concept

Answer 9

Perceptual

Question 10

Pitch is related to the ___ at which ______ _____ vibrate and the objective correlate is ________ _______

Answer 10

Rate; vocal folds; fundamental frequency

Question 11

What are the 3 pitch raising mechanisms?

Answer 11

1) length
2) tension
3) mass

Question 12

what are the 3 voice registers?

Answer 12

1) normal/modal
2) falsetto
3) vocal fry/glottal fry/pulse register

Question 13

Loudness is the perceptual correlate of _______ and its physical correlate is ________ ___ _____

Answer 13

Intensity; subglottal air pressure

Question 14

With increased intensity, the closure duration of the VFs is ______

Answer 14

Longer

Question 15

_____ and ______ often increase together but dont have to

Answer 15

Pitch and loudness

Question 16

Vocal quality is the perceptual correlate of ______ _______ and has the physical correlate of _______ of VF __________

Answer 16

Spectral distribution; integrity; vibration

Question 17

Which vocal quality is described as constant air leakage during phonation

Answer 17

Breathy

Question 18

Which vocal quality is described as irregularity of voicing

Answer 18

Harsh/rough

Question 19

Which vocal quality is used as an overall term/can be used for multiple qualities

Answer 19

Hoarse

Question 20

In general pitch changes are controlled primarily by ________ activ ity

Answer 20

Laryngeal

Question 21

In general loudness changes are controlled primarily by __________ actiuvity

Answer 21

Respiratory