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Pulmonology > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What clues you in to a disease of alveoli/ lung parenchyma

A

Can’t localize it using signs for upper airway/bronchial/nasal diseases

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2
Q

What is bacterial pneumonia most common in?

A

Dogs>cats

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3
Q

How do you get bacteria in the lungs?

A

Inhalation, aspiration, or hematogenous spread

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4
Q

What is the chief complaint of bacterial pneumonia?

A

Coughing or dyspnea mainly

May also include systemic signs

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5
Q

How to diagnose bacterial pneumonia

A

Have to have positive culture on BAL/TTW

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6
Q

How to treat bacterial pneumonia

A

Antibiotics based on cultures and sensitivity

Anti-tussives are contraindicated

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7
Q

What can cause viral pneumonia

A

Canine distemper, canine influenza

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8
Q

How to treat viral pneumonia

A

Supportive care

Treat secondary bacterial infections

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9
Q

Fungal pneumonia

A

Middle aged large breed dogs

Diagnose with rads, cytology, culture, histopathology

Treat with antifungal drugs for long time

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10
Q

What is aspiration pneumonitis

A

Occurs when foreign material enters the lungs

Severity depends on what material is aspirated

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11
Q

How to diagnose aspiration pneumonitis

A

Alveolar patter in right middle lung lobe is highly suggestive

Cytology/culture and see inflammation

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12
Q

How to treat aspiration pneumonitis

A

No antibiotics

Supportive care

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13
Q

What is pulmonary thromboembolism

A

Thrombosis or embolism at a local or distant origin

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14
Q

What is respiration function affected by with a PTE

A

Increased V/Q
Release of variable humoral factors
Stimulation of neurogenic reflexes —> decreased CO, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, bronchoconstriction

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15
Q

Clinical signs of PTE

A

No particular signalment

Sudden onset of resp distress, dyspnea, tachypnea

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16
Q

What are diseases associated with PTE

A 
Hyperadrenocorticism (also exogenous steroids)
Pancreatitis
Sepsis
IMHA
Trauma/surgery
DIC
Protein losing nephropathy
17
Q

How to diagnose PTE

A 
Often suspected/presumptive
Coag panels
Thoracic rads may support diagnoses, but can’t tell you for sure
Angiography
Scintigraphy
18
Q

How to treat PTE

A

Supportive care
Looking for underlying disease
Anticoagulants

19
Q

Prognosis for PTE

A

Guarded to poor

Risk of sudden death at any time

20
Q

What is noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

A 
Could be any number of things
Neurogenic
Electrocution
Upper airway obstruction/choking
Vasculitis
ARDS
Smoke/toxin inhalation
O2 toxicity
21
Q

How to treat noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

Oxygen
Treat underlying disease
Time and supportive care
+/- diuretics

22
Q

Pulmonary/bronchial neoplasia

A

Older dogs and cats
Primary neoplasia is rare but lungs are common site of metastasis
Need cytology/biopsy for definitive diagnoses

Pulmonology (10 decks)

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