Lecture 13: Presentation of Renal Disease

Question 1

clinical signs of AKI vs CKD

Answer 1

AKI
- oliguria / anuria
- acid / base and fluid imbalance
CKD
- often asymptomatic
- BP may be high
- often have diabetes / vascular disease

Question 2

signs of nephrotic syndrome

Answer 2

• generalised oedema
• frothy urine
• low serum albumin
• proteinuria
• high cholesterol
• can be due to podocyte damage in minimal change disease

Question 3

signs of nephritic syndrome

Answer 3

• hypertension
• reduced urine output
• high blood and protein on dipstick
• presence of rash can indicate Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Question 4

presentations of diabetic nephropathy

Answer 4

• oedema in legs
• nausea / vomiting
• tiredness
• itching

Question 5

indicators of dehydration

Answer 5

• low blood pressure
• tachycardia
• high Na+
• high K+
• high urea
• high creatinine

Question 6

what are CT scans good for in renal imaging

Answer 6

spotting stones / tumours

Question 7

what are MRI scans good for in renal imaging

Answer 7

arteries

Question 8

what is nuclear imaging good for

Answer 8

• scars
• obstruction
• split function