Lecture 1: Retroperitoneal Organs Flashcards
1
Q
what are the retroperitoneal organs
A
- Suprarenal glands
- Aorta and IVC
- Duodenum
- Pancreas
- Ureters
- Colon (ascending and descending)
- Kidneys
- Eosophagus
- Rectum
2
Q
which levels do the kidneys span
A
T12-L3
3
Q
what is renal pain generally caused by
A
- stretching of the capsule, due to increased internal pressure
- spasm of smooth muscle of the renal pelvis
4
Q
where is renal pain generally referred to
A
cutaneous area of T12
5
Q
where is the kidney implanted in a transplant
A
- ileac fossa
- accessed via incision over and parallel to inguinal ligament
6
Q
which vessels are anastomosed in a kidney transplant
A
- renal artery to external iliac artery
- renal vein to external iliac vein
7
Q
what are the shapes of the left and right suprarenal glands
A
right: pyramidal
left: semilunar
8
Q
function of the suprarenal glands
A
cortex: - corticosteroids - sex hormones medulla: - adrenaline
9
Q
neurovascular supply of the suprarenal glands
A
- sup, mid, inf suprarenal arteries
- suprarenal veins
- abdominopelvic nerves (greater, less and least splanchnic)
10
Q
what are the narrowest points of the ureter where calculi can get lodged
A
- pelviuretic junction
- crossing iliac vessels / pelvic brim
- entering bladder
11
Q
standard treatment for kidney stones
A
shock wave lithotripsy
