Lecture 13

Question 1

Where does hematopoiesis take place?

Answer 1

Red bone marrow

Question 2

What does a totipotent stem cell give rise to?

Answer 2

All cells of the organism – zygote

Question 3

What does a pluripotent stem cell give rise to?

Answer 3

All embryonic cells and adult tissues – embryonic stem cells *** which can differentiate into all cell lineages

Question 4

What does a multipotent stem cell give rise to?

Answer 4

gives rise to different cell types of a given lineage – adult stem cells

Question 5

Hematopoeitic stem cells produce what 2 multipotential precursor cells:

Answer 5

1) Myeloid stem cells: give rise to all blood cell lines EXCEPT lymphocytes
2) Lymphoid stem cells: give rise to lymphocytes

Question 6

Describe the categories of granulocytes and agranulocyest (WBCs)

Answer 6

Granulocytes: neutrophils, basophils, eoisinophils

Agranulocytes: monocytes, lymphocytes

Question 7

What are the 5 colony forming units of myeloid stem cell derivatives?

Answer 7

Erythroid CFU

Megakaryocyte CFU

Basophil CFU

Eosinophil CFU

Granulocyte-macrophage CFU

Question 8

What are the two lyphoid stem cell derivatives?

Answer 8

T-cell progenitor (mature in thymus)

B-cell progenitor (mature in bone marrow)

Question 9

1) What is the lineage for the granulocyte-macrophage CFU? (macrophage)
2) Which cell do you find in normal circulation?

Answer 9

Monoblast –> Promonocyte –> monocyte –> macrophage

Monocyte

Question 10

What is the lineage for the granulocyte-macrophage CFU? (neutrophil)

Which cell do you find in normal circulation?

Answer 10

1) Myeloblast –> Promyelocyte –> myelocyte –> metamyelocyte —> band cell –> Neutrophil
2) Band cell and neutrophils

Question 11

1) What is the lineage for the eosinophil and basophil CFU?
2) Which cell do you find in normal circulation?

Answer 11

1) Myeloblast–> promyelocyte –> myelocyte –> metamyelocyte –> Band cell –> Eosinophil or Basophil
2) Band cell, eosinophil, basophil

Question 12

1) What is the lineage for the Megakaryocyte CFU?
2) Which cell do you find in normal circulation?

Answer 12

1) Megakaryoblast –> megakaryocyte –> platelets
2) Platelets

Question 13

1) What is the lineage for the erythroid CFU?
2) Which cell do you find in normal circulation?

Answer 13

Proerythroblast –>basophilic –> polychromatic erythroblast –> orthochromatic erythroblast –> reticulocyte –> erythrocyte

2) reticulocyte, erythrocyte

Question 14

Hematopoeitic growth factors and cytokines are produced in the endothelial cells, fibroblasts and stromal cells.

What are the 3 major groups of hematopoeitic GFs?

Answer 14

1) Colony stimulating factors (CFUs)
- GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF, AND SFC
2) Erythopoeitin and Thrombopoeitin
3) Cytokines

Question 15

GM-CSF stimulates what type of cell differentiation and produced by?

2) What does it reverse?

Answer 15

Stimulates granulocytopoeisis (neutrophils) and monocytopoeisis (monocytes)

• endothelial cells, T cells, fibroblasts, and monocytes
  2) neutropenia (low neutrophils) due to chemo or radiation

Question 16

G-CSF stimulates what type of cell differentiation and produced by?

Answer 16

• secondary stimulus factor
• stiulates neutrophil production
• made by endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages

Question 17

M-CSF stimulates what type of cell differentiation and produced by?

Answer 17

commits CFU-GM to monocytic pathway

Question 18

Erythropoeitin does what and is made where?

Answer 18

Directs CFU-E to differentiate into proerythrocytes to RBCs

• made in the kidneys in response to low oxygen

Question 19

Thrombopoeitin does what and is made where?

Answer 19

Directs formation of megakaryoblasts –> platelets

• made in liver

Question 20

Cytokines are primary _________.

Involved in cell ______.

Differentiated into what?

Answer 20

• Interleukins
• cell signaling
• SFC —> basophils and eiosinophils

They mediate postitive and negative effects on cell quiescence, apoptosis, proliferation, differention.