lecture 1.3

Question 1

separates the body into right and left parts

Answer 1

Sagittal plane:

Question 2

Superior: (Cephalic)

Answer 2

above

Question 3

body planes

Answer 3

1 Sagittal plane: separates the body into right and left parts
2 Median plane: a sagittal plane along the midline that divides body into equal left and right halves
3 Transverse plane: a horizontal plane that separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
4 Frontal plane: a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Question 4

Directional Terms

Answer 4

Superior: above 
Inferior: below
Anterior: front  (also: ventral)
Posterior: back  (also: dorsal)
Note: In four-legged animals, the terms ventral (belly) and dorsal (back) correspond to anterior and posterior in humans

Question 5

Anterior:

Answer 5

front (also: ventral)

Question 6

Inferior:(Caudal)

Answer 6

below

Question 7

• person standing erect with face and palms forward

- all relational descriptions based on the anatomical position, regardless of body orientation

Answer 7

Anatomical position:

Question 8

Posterior:

Answer 8

back (also: dorsal)

Question 9

space between diaphragm and pelvis

contains stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys

Answer 9

Abdominal cavity:

Question 10

Medial:

Answer 10

close to midline

Question 11

Distal:

Answer 11

far from point of attachment

Question 12

Proximal:

Answer 12

close to point of attachment

Question 13

Deep:

Answer 13

structure toward the interior of the body

Question 14

Lateral:

Answer 14

away from midline

Question 15

Superficial:

Answer 15

structure close to the surface

Question 16

Body Cavities

Answer 16

thoracic cavity
mediastinum
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity

Question 17

space between lungs

contains heart, thymus gland, esophagus, trachea

Answer 17

Mediastinum:

Question 18

space within chest wall and diaphragm

contains heart, lungs, thymus gland, esophagus, trachea

Answer 18

Thoracic cavity:

Question 19

a horizontal plane that separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

Answer 19

Transverse plane:

Question 20

Planes of Section Through an Organ

Answer 20

1 longitudinal section(horizontal)
2 transverse section (Straight)
3 oblique section (slant)

Question 21

a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Answer 21

Frontal plane:

Question 22

: a sagittal plane along the midline that divides body into equal left and right halves

Answer 22

Median plane

Question 23

head parts and regions

Answer 23

frontal (forehead)
orbital (eye)
otic (ear)
nasal  (nose)
Buccal (cheek)
oral (mouse)
Mental (Chin)

Question 24

trunk abdomen

Answer 24

abdominal (abdomen)

umbilical (navel)

Question 25

trunk

-Thoracic (thorax)

Answer 25

Pectoral (chest)
Sternal/sternum (Breastbone)
Mammary (breast)

Question 26

trunk pelvis

Answer 26

pelvic (pelvis)
inguinal (groin)
Pubic (genital)

Question 27

neck parts and regions

Answer 27

cervical (neck)

clavicular/clavicle (Collarbone)

Question 28

space within pelvis

contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, part of large intestine

Answer 28

Pelvic cavity:

Question 29

upper limb

Answer 29

axillary (armpit
Brachial (arm)
Antecubital (front of elbow)
Antebrachial (forearm)
MANUAL (HAND)
>Carpal (wrist)
>Palmar(palm)
>Digital (fingers)

Question 30

lower limb

Answer 30

coxal (hip)
Femoral(thigh)
Patellar (kneecap)
Crural (leg)
PEDAL (Foot)
>Talus (ankle)
>Dorsum (top of the foot)
>Digital (toes)

Question 31

Body Regions

Answer 31

Upper limbs:
upper arm, forearm, wrist, hand
Lower limbs:  
thigh, lower leg, ankle, foot
Central region:
head, neck, trunk

Question 32

trunk Dorsal (back)

Answer 32

scapular (shoulder blade)
Vertebral (spinal column)
Lumbar (loin)

Question 33

trunk area of pelvis at the back

Answer 33

sacral (between hips)
Gluteal (buttock)
Perineal (perineum)

Question 34

skull
base of skull
back of neck

Answer 34

-cranial
occipital
nuchal

Question 35

Serous Membranes

Answer 35

Line trunk cavities, cover organs
Structure:
-visceral serous membrane-covers organs
-parietal serous membrane-is the outer membrane
-cavity - a fluid-filled space between the membranes

Question 36

a fluid-filled space between the membranes

Answer 36

-cavity -

Question 37

upper limb at the back

Answer 37

acromial (point of shoulder)
olecranon (point of elbow)
Dorsum (back of hand

Question 38

subdivisions of the abdomen

Answer 38

Right upper quadrant
Left UQ
Right Lower Quadrant
Left LQ

1 right hypochondriac region 7left
2 right lumbar region 8left
3 right iliac region 9left

4 Epigastric Region
5 umbilical region
6 hypogastric region

Question 39

lower limb dorsal

Answer 39

popliteal (hallow behind knee)
sural (calf)
Plantar (sole)
Calcaneal (heel)

Question 40

Pericardium

-Pericardial cavity

Answer 40

around heart

Question 41

a serous membrane that covers organs

Answer 41

-visceral

Question 42

serous membrane that is the outer membrane

Answer 42

-parietal

Question 43

Peritoneum -Peritoneal cavity

Answer 43

around abdominopelviccavity and its organs

Question 44

Pleura - Pleural cavity

Answer 44

around lungs

Question 45

Pleura and Pleural Cavity

Answer 45

Pleura
visceral pleura- covers lungs
parietal pleura -lines inner wall of thorax 
pleural cavity-reduces friction
-adheres lungs to thoracic wall

Question 46

Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity

Answer 46

Peritoneum
>visceral peritoneum-covers, anchors organs
-double layers called mesenteries
>parietal peritoneum- lines inner wall of abdominopelvic cavity
>peritoneal cavity-reduces friction

Question 47

Pericardium and Pericardial Cavity

Answer 47

Pericardium
visceral pericardium-covers heart
parietal pericardium-thick, fibrous
pericardial cavity-reduces friction