lecture 1.2 Flashcards
Characteristics of Life
- Organization
- Metabolism
- Responsiveness
- Growth
- Development
- Reproduction
Organ Systems of the body (12)
- Integumentary System
- Skeletal System
- Muscular system
- Nervous System
- Endocrine System
- Cardiovascular System
- Lymphatic System
- Respiratory System
- Digestive System
- Urinary System
- Female Reproductive System
- Male Reproductive System
(13) major organs of the body
- Brain
- Spinal Cord
- Lung
- Heart
- Liver
- Spleen(behind stomach)
- Pancreas (behind stomach)
- stomach
- gallbladder
- kidneys(behind stomach and intestineS)
- large intestine
- small intestine
- urinary bladder
receives receptor signal
- establishes set point
- sends signal to effector
Control center:
Negative Feedback Control of Body Temperature(process)
1 Body temperature (normal)
2 Homeostasis disturbed (body temp rises)
3 Stimulus-Receptors and Control center (CC in the brain increase stimulation of sweat glands and relax blood vessels in the skin when receptors detect increased body temperature )
4 response-effector (sweat glands produce sweat; blood vessels in the skin dilate)
5 Homeostasis restored
6 body temp normal range
or
1 Body temperature (normal)
2 Homeostasis disturbed (body temp decreases)
3 Stimulus-Receptors and Control center (CC in the brain decrease stimulation of sweat glands and constrict blood vessels in the skin when the receptors detect decreased body temp
4 response-effector (sweat glands CEASE sweat production; blood vessels in the skin constrict; skeletal muscle contracts (shivering).
directly causes change in variable
Effector:
________ mechanisms occur when the initial stimulus further stimulates the response
- system response causes progressive deviation away from
- set point, outside of normal range
- not directly used for homeostasis
- some________occurs under normal conditionsExample: childbirth
- generally associated with injury, disease
- negative feedback mechanisms unable to maintain homeostasis
Positive feedback
detects changes in variable
Receptor:
-functional interrelationships between parts
Organization:
- ability to sense and respond to environmental changes
- includes both internal and external environments
Responsiveness:
-sum of all chemical and physical changes sustaining an organism
Metabolism:
components of feedback:
Receptor: detects changes in variable Control center: receives receptor signal -establishes set point -sends signal to effector Effector: directly causes change in variable
-ability to acquire and use energy in support of these changes
Metabolism:
- formation of new cells or new organisms
- generation of new individuals
- tissue repair
Reproduction:
maintenance of constant internal environment despite fluctuations in the external or internal environment
Homeostasis:
