Lecture 13

Question 1

What are intertidal zones?

Answer 1

Anywhere the ocean meets the land.
-rocky intertidal
-sandy beach
-mudflat

Question 2

Where are intertidal habitats ?

Answer 2

occur between the low and high tide lines

Question 3

What are common species in Southern California rocky intertidal habitats?

Answer 3

-Autotrophs
-filter/suspension feeders
-grazers
-carnivores
-scavenger

Question 4

What factors causes stress at low tide?

Answer 4

-air
-sun (dessication)
-heat

Question 5

What adaptations do these species have?

Answer 5

-shells
-hide under rocks/seaweed

Question 6

What factors cause stress at high tide?

Answer 6

-waves
-waterflow

Question 7

What adaptations do these species have?

Answer 7

-permanently staying on rocks
-shells to help from water smashing them

Question 8

What do snails do to help them stay on the rocks?

Answer 8

They release a sticky sap that helps them “glue” onto the rocks

Question 9

What is the scientific name of the blue mussel?

Answer 9

Mytilus edulis

Question 10

What is the adaptation of the blue mussel?

Answer 10

It can morph into colors ranging from brown to blue to black depending on latitude.

Question 11

What is the physical adaptation to temperature?

Answer 11

The ability of different sea snails to tolerate different temperature

Question 12

What are the benefits of living on high intertidal zone?

Answer 12

avoiding predation and competition

Question 13

What is the cost of living on high intertidal?

Answer 13

Feeding and breathing when submerged causes
- decrease in food and oxygen
-decreased growth and reproduction

Question 14

What was visible in the graph depicting the size of adult mussels at Crystal Cove ?

Answer 14

-Low tide had the biggest mussels
-mid tide had medium-sized mussels
-high tide had the smallest mussels

Question 15

List the typical zonation patterns from high to low tide.

Answer 15

Lichen zone, Barnacle zone, mussel zone, algae zone

Question 16

What abiotic and biotic factors differ across the tide height gradient?

Answer 16

desiccation, heat stress, predation

Question 17

How is the tide height gradient created?

Answer 17

1. movement
2. pre-settlement processes
3. post-settlement processes

Question 18

In what section do Balanus grow when alone?

Answer 18

middle intertidal zone

Question 19

In what section do Chthamalus grow when ALONE?

Answer 19

middle to high intertidal zone

Question 20

Where do Balanus grow when Chthalamus is present?

Answer 20

middle intertidal zone

Question 21

Where do Chthalamus grow when Balanus is present?

Answer 21

high intertidal zone

Question 22

What are the abiotic factors in the upper limit in rocky intertidal habitats?

Answer 22

heat, desiccation, and low O2

Question 23

What are the biotic factors in the lower limit of rocky intertidal habitats?

Answer 23

competition and predation

Question 24

What adaptations do mangroves and salt marshes have?

Answer 24

-exclude and excrete salt and low O2
-special tissues for gas exchange
-aerial roots, absorb moisture from the air

Question 25

What are the abiotic factors in the lower limit of salt marshes and mangroves ?

Answer 25

salinity and waterlogging

Question 26

What are the biotic factors in the upper limit of salt marshes and mangroves?

Answer 26

Competition