Lecture 12: Coeliac Disease Flashcards
1
Q
which genes are coeliac disease associated with
A
- HLA-DQ2
- HLA-DQ8
- located on chromosome 6p21
2
Q
in which patients is coeliac disease more prevalent
A
- down’s syndrome
- type I diabetes
- autoimmune hepatitis
- thyroid gland abnormalities
3
Q
symptoms of typical coeliac disease
A
- diarrhoea
- smelly and bulky stool, rich in fat
- flatulence
- borborygmus
- weight loss
- weakness and fatigue
- severe abdominal pain
4
Q
symptoms of atypical coeliac disease
A
- anaemia
- osteopenia and osteoporosis
- muscle weakness
- itchy skin conditions eg dermatitis herpetiformis
- lack of / delayed periods
- bleeding disorders due to vitamin K deficiency
5
Q
what is the distribution of Crohn’s disease
A
small bowel alone: 40%
large bowel alone: 30%
small and large bowel: 30%
6
Q
what suggests coeliac disease in microscopy of a duodenal biopsy
A
- villous atrophy
- crypt hyperplasia
- chronic inflammation
- increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes
7
Q
complications of coeliac disease
A
- enteropathy associated t cell lymphoma
- high risk of adenocarcinoma of small bowel
- dermatitis hepatiformis
- infertility and miscarriage
8
Q
which genes are associated with Crohn’s disease
A
- NOD2
- CARD15
9
Q
clinical features of Crohn’s disease
A
- abdominal pain relieved by opening bowels
- prolonged non-bloody diarrhoea
- weight loss
- low grade fever
10
Q
morphological features of Crohn’s disease
A
- cobblestone pattern
- fat wrapping of the serosa
- skip lesions
- strictures due to fibrosis
- granulomas
11
Q
complications of Crohn’s disease
A
- intra-abdominal abscesses
- deep ulcers lead to fistulae
- risk of adenocarcinoma, but not as high as in ulcerative colitis
12
Q
clinical features of ulcerative colitis
A
- intermittent attacks of bloody diarrhoea
- mucoid diarrhoea
- abdominal pain
- low grade fever
- weight loss
13
Q
morphological features of ulcerative colitis
A
- inflammation confined to mucosa
- crypt architecture distortion
14
Q
complications of ulcerative colitis
A
- toxic megacolon
- refractory bleeding
- dysplasia or carcinoma
15
Q
extra intestinal manifestations of CD and UC
A
- uveitis
- iritis
- episcleritis
- erythema nodosum
- sclerosing cholangitis
- joint pain
