Lecture 12 - Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards
Describe Dapiprazole
Common name, uses, toxicities
- Rev-Eyes
- reverses phenylephrine mydriasis and tropicamide induced mydriasis
- Toxicity: conjunctival hyperemia, burning, corneal edema, ptosis, lid edema and erthema
- less risk of secondary pupil block angle closure
Describe Timolol
Common name, MOA, potency, Use
- Timoptic, Timoptic XE
- non-selective beta blocker
- decreases aqueous production
- 7x more potent than propranolol
- Not appropriate for chronic treatment of narrow angle glaucoma
Compare ocular effects of Timolol versus propranolol
Pupil size or accomadation, CNS effects
- no change in pupil size or accomodation
- decreased CNS effects
- use in all open angle
- responds to dark irides as well as light
What are some ocular side effects of timolol?
- Irritation and lacrimation
- Dry eye
- allergic blepharoconjunctivitis
- conreal anesthesia/SPK
- blurred vision
- uveitis
- diplopia, ptosis, EOM paresis
- escape/tolerance
What are some contraindications to beta blockers?
respiratory, cardiovascular
- bronchial asthma
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- bradycardia
- severe heart block
- overt cardiac failure
- children and infants
What is the common name for Levobunolol and is it selective or non-selective?
(Also, what is the main difference between Levobunolol and Timoptic)
- Betagan
- non-selective beta blocker
- longer duration acting than Timolol (only need 1x day administration)
What is the common name for Metipranolol and is it selective or non-selective?
(How does the cost compare to Timoptic)
- Optipranolol
- non-selective beta blocker
- drug is cheaper, less effective than levobunolol or Timolol
What is the common name for Betaxolol and is it selective or non-selective?
(What are its advantages and disadvantages compared to Timolol)
- Betoptic-S
- selective beta 1 blocker
- slightly less effective
- No effect on forced expiration volume compared to decreased effect using Timolol
- responds better to beta agonist compared to timolol
What is the common name for Carteolol and is it selective or non-selective?
(What are its advantages in treating IOP compared to Timolol)
- Ocupress
- partial non-selective beta agonist
- just as effective at reducing IOP
- Advantage: partial beta agonist has fewer systemic effects
What are the products in Combigan?
- Brimonidine 0.2% and timolol 0.5%
What are the products in Cosopt?
- dorzolamide 2.0% and timolol 0.5%
Which drug would be LEAST appropriate for IOP control?
A. Timolol B. Betaxolol C. Metipranolol D. Carteolol E. Avoid All
B. Betaxolol
Which two drug would be most cost effective?
A. Timolol B. Betaxolol C. Metipranolol D. Carteolol E. Avoid All
A. Timolol
C. Metipranolol
Which two drug would be most appropriate for comfort and hypercholestolemia?
A. Timolol B. Betaxolol C. Metipranolol D. Carteolol E. Avoid All
D. Carteolol
Which two drug would be most appropriate for COPD?
A. Timolol B. Betaxolol C. Metipranolol D. Carteolol E. Avoid All
B. Betaxolol
