lecture 12

Question 1

functions of vacuole

Answer 1

storage
breakdown of macromolecules
regulation of cell turgor

Question 2

what does the vacuole store

Answer 2

primary metabolites (growth associated)
e.g inorganic ions, organic acids, amino acids, proteins, sugars, lipids
secondary metabolites (non-growth associated)
signalling- pigments, anthrocyanins
defence- latex/rubber, raphides, alkaloids

Question 3

vacuole breakdown of macromolecules

Answer 3

degradation of cytoplasmic constituents

vacuoles acidic contain hydrolytic enzymes

Question 4

vacuole turgitidy

Answer 4

high concs of solutes in vacuoles have negative osmotic potential = water uptake

Question 5

4 plastids

Answer 5

chloroplasts- photosynthesis
chromoplasts- synthesis/storage of coloured pigments
leucoplasts - storage of assimilates carbs, pigments protein lipids starch
proplastids- precursor to other plastids

Question 6

3 membranes in chloroplasts

Answer 6

inner, outer, thylakoid

Question 7

3 compartments in chloroplasts

Answer 7

stroma, thylakoid space, intermembrane space

Question 8

chloroplast DNA

Answer 8

ctDNA circular