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Human Anatomy - Skeletal System > Lecture 11 - The Pelvic Girdle > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - The Pelvic Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?

A
  • Transfers weight from axial to lower appendicular skeleton; Weight bearing
  • Attachment point for muscles
  • Contains and protects abdominal contents and reproductive organs
  • Connects vertebral column to lower body
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2
Q

What is the pelvic girdle ?

A
  • formed by the hip bone & the coxaal bone
  • the pelvic girdle is strongly united & is immovable & important for stability
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3
Q

What are the 3 bones that form the pelvic girdle?

A
  • ilium
  • ischium
  • pubis
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4
Q

What is the ilium?

A
  • a fan like bone that forms the largest part of the hip bone
  • it connects to the sacrum
  • serves as a weight-bearer
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5
Q

What is the ischium?

A
  • forms the posteroinferior region of each hip bone
  • it is the bottom part of the pelvis
  • it supports the body when sitting
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6
Q

What is the pubis?

A
  • forms the anterior part of the hip bone
  • curves medially
  • connects to the ischium and is inside of it
  • protect the intestines, bladder, and internal sex organs
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7
Q

What are the joints of the pelvic girdle?

A
  • pubic symphysis
  • sacroiliac joint
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8
Q

What is the pubic symphysis ?

A
  • it is a cartilaginous joint — slightly moveable; Joined by two very strong ligaments superiorly & inferiorly
  • sits in the middle where your pubic bones connect
  • helps your pelvis absorb some of the weight from your upper body before it travels to your lower body
  • Fibrocartilagenous disc in between which allows minimal movement
  • Softens & loosens in late pregnancy
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9
Q

What is the sacroiliac joint?

A
  • it is a synovial joint — freely moveable
  • sit in between the ilium & sacrum
  • Supported by very strong anterior & posterior sacroiliac ligaments
  • Transmits forces from the lower limbs to the vertebral column
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10
Q

What is the greater sciatic notch ?

A
  • located on the posterior border of the ilium
  • Passageway for nerves and blood vessels exiting from the pelvis
  • Helps farm a foramen when ligaments and muscles attach to it
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11
Q

What is the ischial spine?

A
  • Small bony protuberance on the ischium
  • Separates the GREATER SCIATIC NOTCH from the LESSER SCIATIC NOTCH
  • Attachment point for the sacrospinous ligament
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12
Q

What is the obturator foramen?

A
  • The large foramen created by the superior and inferior pubic ramil anteriorly and the Ischium posteriorly
  • Covered by a tough membrane which allows the passage of blood and nerves and serves as a site for muscle attachment
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13
Q

What is fusion of the Innominate bone?

A
  • Starts off as triradiate cartilage in the acetabulum
  • Fuses after puberty to become one solid bone
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14
Q

Landmarks of the ilium?

A
  • Iliac Crests
  • Iliac Fossa
  • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
  • Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
  • Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
  • Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS)
  • Auricular surface
  • Gluteal lines (3)
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15
Q

Landmarks of the ischium ?

A
  • It is the The bone we sit on
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Ischial spine
  • Greater sciatic notch
  • Lesser sciatic notch
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16
Q

Landmarks of the pubis?

A
  • Superior pubic ramus
  • Inferior pubic ramus
  • Pubic crest
  • Pubic tubercle
  • Ischiopubic ramus
  • Obturator foramen
  • Iliopectineal line (arcuate line + pectineal line)
  • Acetabulum
17
Q

What are gluteal lines?

A
  • On the lateral/external spect of the ilium
  • Three distinct lines can be identified:
    • Inferior gluteal line
    • Anterior gluteal line
    • Posterior gluteal line
  • Important as landmarks in describing the muscle attachments for the gluteal muscles
18
Q

What is the Acetabular fossa?

A
  • Deepest part of the acetabulum
  • Does not articulate directly with the femur
  • guards against femoral head dislocation but limiting femoral mobility
19
Q

What is the lunate surface?

A
  • Horseshoe-shaped articular cartilage
  • Articulates with the head of femur
  • contributes with the hip bone
20
Q

What is the Acetabular notch?

A
  • small gap located inferiorly within the margin of the hip bone’s acetabulum
  • converts into a foramen (through which nerves and vessels (including the acetabular notch of obturator artery ) pass into the hip joint cavity)
21
Q

What is the transverse Acetabular ligament ?

A
  • straddles the inferior limit of the bony acetabulum
  • It is a strong load-bearing structure in the hip
  • in association with the labrum, provides part of the load-bearing surface for the femoral head
22
Q

What is the iliopectinal line?

A
  • Curvilinear line running from SI joint, along the medial border of the lilac wing and the superior boarder of the superior pubic bone
  • Delineates the inner margin of the pelvic ring diving the true & false pelvis
23
Q

What is the lesser/true pelvis?

A
  • Inferior to the iliopectineal line
  • Houses reproductive organs & bladder
24
Q

What is the greater/false pelvis?

A
  • Superior to the iliopectineal line
  • Formed by the blades of ilium
  • Houses digestive organs (parts of small and large intestines)
25
Q

What is the iliolumbar ligament?

A
  • Iliac crest to the transverse process of L5
  • crucial in supporting the lower lumbar spine
26
Q

What is the scarotuberous ligament?

A
  • Runs between the inferior sacrum & the ischial tuberosity
  • a stabiliser of the sacroiliac joint and connects the bony pelvis to the vertebral column
27
Q

What is the sacrospinous ligament?

A
  • Passes from the lateral sacrum & coccyx to the ischial spine
  • Turns the greater sciatic notch into a foramen
  • assist in pelvic stability
28
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic ligaments?

A
  • the Pelvic girdle is under constant strain except when the body is recumbent
  • Ligaments are important for:
    • Transmission of body weight
    • Securing the sacroiliac joint during movement in other areas of the body
29
Q

Gender differences in the slope of the iliac spine?

A
  • Male - more upright
  • Female more angled
30
Q

Gender differences in the width between ischial tuberosities?

A
  • Male - narrower
  • Female - wider
31
Q

Gender differences in the inlet & outlet?

A
  • Inlet:
    • Male - oval or heart
    • Female - round
  • outlet:
    • Male - smaller
    • Female larger
32
Q

Gender differences in the sacral shape?

A
  • Male - longer
  • Female - shorter

Human Anatomy - Skeletal System (13 decks)

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