Lecture 11: Motor (Efferent) Division

Question 1

the somatic nervous system is responsible for…

Answer 1

voluntary movement of skeletal muscles

Question 2

what type of neurons does the somatic nervous system use?

Answer 2

alpha neurons

Question 3

the autonomic nervous system is responsible for…

Answer 3

the involuntary responses of glands, tissues and organs (AUTOmatic)

Question 4

the autonomic nervous system is separated into…

Answer 4

the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Question 5

what is the sympathetic nervous system responsible for?

Answer 5

the 4 F’s:

1. fight
2. flight
3. fright
   4 F***

Question 6

what are the effectors of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems (hint they’re the same)

Answer 6

1.heart
2. lungs
3. blood vessels
4. eyes
5. salivary glands
6. bladder
7. intestines

Question 7

what does the sympathetic activation do to the heart?

Answer 7

increases heart rate

increases contractility (how hard ur heart beats)

Question 8

what does the sympathetic activation do to the lungs?

Answer 8

increases respiratory rate

increases bronchodilation

Question 9

what does the sympathetic activation do to the blood vessels

Answer 9

increases vasoconstriction (in peripheral blood vessels)

increases vasodilation (in the muscular blood vessels)

Question 10

what does the sympathetic activation do to the eyes

Answer 10

increases pupil dilation

Question 11

what does the sympathetic activation do to the salivary glands

Answer 11

decreases salivation

Question 12

what does the sympathetic activation do to the bladder

Answer 12

decreases bladder contraction

Question 13

what does the sympathetic activation do to the intestines

Answer 13

decreases motility (contstipado)

Question 14

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the heart

Answer 14

decreases heart rate

Question 15

what is the parasympathetic nervous system responsible for?

Answer 15

“rest and digest”

Question 16

what are the lengths of the pre and post ganglionic neurons for both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Answer 16

sympathetic:
pre: long
post: short

parasympathetic:
pre: short
Post: long

Question 17

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the lungs

Answer 17

decreases respiratory rate

decreases bronchoconstriction

Question 18

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the blood vessels

Answer 18

increases vasodilation (in the periphery)

increases vasoconstriction (in muscles)

Question 19

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the eyes

Answer 19

increases pupil constriction

Question 20

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the salivary glands?

Answer 20

increases salivation

Question 21

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the bladder

Answer 21

increases bladder constriction

Question 22

what does the parasympathetic nervous system do to the intestines

Answer 22

increases motility

Question 23

when talking about the sympathetic nervous systems in terms of the spine, what do we say?

Answer 23

thoracolumbar spine

Question 24

when talking about the parasympathetic nervous systems in terms of the spine, what do we say?

Answer 24

caraniosacral

Question 25

what neurotransmitters do both parasympathetic and sympathetic preganglionic neurons use?

Answer 25

acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 26

what neurotransmitters do parasympathetic post ganglionic neurons use?

Answer 26

acetylcholine too :)

Question 27

what neurotransmitters do sympathetic post ganglionic neurons use?

Answer 27

norepinephrine (NE)

Question 28

what sensory receptors do both parasympathetic and sympathetic postganglionic neurons use?

Answer 28

-nicotinic AchR’s

Question 29

what sensory receptors do effectors use for the parasympathetic N.S.?

Answer 29

muscharinic AchR’s

Question 30

what sensory receptors do effectors use for the sympathetic N.S.?

Answer 30

andregenic receptors 9for NE )

Question 31

what neurotransmitter does the adrenal gland (on the kidney)

Answer 31

epinephrine: enters into the blood vessels and then travels to the rest of the organs

Question 32

what are the andregenic receptors?

Answer 32

Alpha 1, beta 1, Alpha 2, and beta 2

Question 33

what do alpha 1 receptors do, where are they located?

Answer 33

they are located in all glands, tissues, and organs of the SNS other than the heart

constricts blood vessels

Question 34

what are beta 1 receptors responsible for and where are they located?

Answer 34

located in the heart and the kidneys

they increase heart rate, and increase contractility, and raise blood pressure

Question 35

what are alpha 2 receptors responsible for? where are they located?

Answer 35

located in the presynaptic terminals

responsible for blocking signals between neurons

Question 36

what are beta 2 receptors responsible for? where are they located?

Answer 36

located in all glands, tissues, and organs of the SNS

they expand things like the vascular system,.

Question 37

alpha 1 and beta 1 receptors are…

Answer 37

stimulatory

Question 38

alpha 2 and beta 2 receptors are…

Answer 38

inhibitory