Lecture 1.1: Intro to the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What does the CVS transport? (7)
- Oxygen
- Nutrients
- Metabolic Waste
- Heat
- Hormones
- Drugs
- Hydraulic Pressure
What are Ficks Laws? 1st and 2nd?
1st: Tells us that that diffusive flux (=diffusion) is proportional to the concentration
gradient
2nd: Tells us how concentration changes as a function of time (if you don’t like partial differential equations, then look away now)
What is the usable form of Ficks Law?
J = P x A(C1-C2)
What is “J” in J = P x A(C1-C2)?
Diffusion Rate in mmols/s
What is “P” in J = P x A(C1-C2)?
Permeability Coefficient
What does the Permeability Coefficient consist of? (3)
• Diffusion coefficient (proportional to temperature and inversely proportional to
molecular radius and viscosity of the medium in which diffusion is occurring)
• Partition coefficient (ratio of oil solubility : water solubility – high partition
coefficient = lipid soluble)
• Barrier thickness (barriers that molecules have to move through slows down
diffusion)
What is “A” in J = P x A(C1-C2)?
• Surface Area
• Increasing the surface area available for diffusion increases the rate of diffusion
(80m2 of alveoli)
What is “C1-C2” in J = P x A(C1-C2)?
- Concentration Gradient
* Rate of diffusion is proportional to concentration gradient
Where does the Right Heart pump blood to? Is the Pressure Low or High?
- Pulmonary Circulation
* Low Pressure
Where does the Left Heart pump blood to? Is the Pressure Low or High?
- Systemic Circulation
* High Pressure
Blood Vessels + Heart: High to Low Pressure
Heart Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins
What are Haemodynamics?
The factors that govern blood flow (the movement of fluid between two points) and are dependent upon the relationship between cardiac output, blood pressure and resistance
