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BMS 300- Unit 1 > Lecture 11- Integumentary System Pt 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 11- Integumentary System Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What layer(s) are affected in a first degree burn?

A

Epidermis

Redness, pain to touch, mild swelling

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2
Q

What layer(s) are affected in a second degree burn?

A

Epidermis and dermis

Deep redness, increased pain, blistering, swelling

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3
Q

What layer(s) are affected in a third degree burn?

A

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis

Skin layer loss, often painless, dry, leathery skin, charred skin

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4
Q

True or false: Frostbite does not have different stages like burns do

A

False

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5
Q

What type of repairing allows for the replacement of the same kind of tissue?

A

Regeneration

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6
Q

What type of repairing does not replace the same type of tissue and therefore cannot perform the same functions of the damaged tissue?

A

Fibrosis

Replaces with fibrous tissue

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7
Q

What are the four stages of wound healing cascade?

A
  1. Hemostasis
  2. Inflammation
  3. Proliferation
  4. Remodeling
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8
Q

What happens in the hemostasis stage?

A

1.Blood aggregates (clusters)
2. Blood vessels constrict and blood clots form
3. Inflammation initiated

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9
Q

What happens in the inflammation stage?

A
  1. White blood cells arrive to prevent infection
  2. Macrophages release growth factors and perform phagocytosis
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10
Q

What happens in the proliferation stage?

A
  1. Fibroblasts enter wound and produce collagen to strengthen area
  2. Epidermal cells divide to reform outer layer
  3. Blood vessels form
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11
Q

What happens in the remodeling stage?

A
  1. Collagen is rearranged and blood vessels are strengthened
  2. Scab gets replaced/tissue matures to scar tissue
  3. Epithelium cells grow below to someday push through/create new layer
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12
Q

Aging in the skin can be characterized by what four things related to cells?

A
  1. Thinning
  2. Decreased sensitivity to infection
  3. Reduced hormone production
  4. Pale skin
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13
Q

What characteristic is not related to aging of the skin?

Dry skin
Always cold
Hair follicles become thinner
Wrinkling
Overproduction of hormones

A

Overproduction of hormones

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14
Q

What are the two things that increase chances of acne?

A
  1. Increase sebum productions
  2. Abnormal desquamation
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15
Q

What is sebum/what does it do?

A

Carries skin cells and oil to surface

Overproduction of sebum leads to acne

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16
Q

How does the common wart form?

A

Abnormal growth of keratinocytes which are infected with human papillomavirus

17
Q

What is epidermolysis bullosa?

A

Epidermis is torn apart and leads to skin blistering easily

18
Q

Abnormal tonofilaments leads to what type of EB?

A

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex

19
Q

Abnormal hemidesmosomes leads to what type of EB?

A

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa

20
Q

Abnormal anchoring fibrils leads to what type of EB?

A

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

21
Q

All of the following can have abnormalities leading to epidermolysis bullosa except

-Tonofilaments (intermediate filaments)
-Adherens
-Hemidesmosomes
-Anchoring fibril

A

Adherens

22
Q

All of the following are complications due to EB except

-Infection/sepsis
-Malnutrition/anemia
-High blood pressure
-Dehydration

A

High blood pressure

23
Q

What is the fastest growing type of cancer in the USA?

A

Skin cancer

24
Q

True or false: if detected early, the five year survival rate for melanoma is 99%

A

True

25
Q

What are the three types of skin cancer?

A
  1. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
  2. Melanoma
  3. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
26
Q

What type of cancer is highly metastatic (spreads easily)?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

27
Q

What type of cancer is not highly metastatic (spreads easily), but is the most common?

A

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

28
Q

What is the ABCDE rule for characterizing melanoma?

A

Asymmetry- pigments don’t match
Border- irregular/indented
Color- very pigmented
Diameter- larger than 6 mm
Evolving- appearance is changing

29
Q

Leather is produced from what component of the integumentary system?

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

A

Dermis

Irregular dense CT=collagen

30
Q

A likely outcome of the immune cells attacking the melanocytes is

Albinism
Vitiligo
Cyanosis
EB
Melanoma

A

Vitiligo

31
Q

Strength of leather can be most likely attributed to the properties of

Proteoglycans
Laminin
Collagen
Elastin
All of the above

A

Collagen

32
Q

What are the Meissner’s corpuscles role in sensation?

A

Very fine touch like a pin prick

33
Q

Damage to the reticular layer will indicate a ____ degree burn

First
Second
Third
Fourth

A

Second

Dermis is involved

34
Q

Blisters caused by mutations in the anchoring junction protein would be classified as _______

EB simplex
Junctional EB
Dystrophic EB

A

Junctional EB

35
Q

In the ABCDE rule for characterizing melanomas, the description “irregular and exhibits indentations” would refer to _________

A
B
C
D
E

A

B

Border- exhibits irregularities and indentations

BMS 300- Unit 1 (12 decks)

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