Lecture 11- Integumentary System Pt 2 Flashcards
What layer(s) are affected in a first degree burn?
Epidermis
Redness, pain to touch, mild swelling
What layer(s) are affected in a second degree burn?
Epidermis and dermis
Deep redness, increased pain, blistering, swelling
What layer(s) are affected in a third degree burn?
Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
Skin layer loss, often painless, dry, leathery skin, charred skin
True or false: Frostbite does not have different stages like burns do
False
What type of repairing allows for the replacement of the same kind of tissue?
Regeneration
What type of repairing does not replace the same type of tissue and therefore cannot perform the same functions of the damaged tissue?
Fibrosis
Replaces with fibrous tissue
What are the four stages of wound healing cascade?
- Hemostasis
- Inflammation
- Proliferation
- Remodeling
What happens in the hemostasis stage?
1.Blood aggregates (clusters)
2. Blood vessels constrict and blood clots form
3. Inflammation initiated
What happens in the inflammation stage?
- White blood cells arrive to prevent infection
- Macrophages release growth factors and perform phagocytosis
What happens in the proliferation stage?
- Fibroblasts enter wound and produce collagen to strengthen area
- Epidermal cells divide to reform outer layer
- Blood vessels form
What happens in the remodeling stage?
- Collagen is rearranged and blood vessels are strengthened
- Scab gets replaced/tissue matures to scar tissue
- Epithelium cells grow below to someday push through/create new layer
Aging in the skin can be characterized by what four things related to cells?
- Thinning
- Decreased sensitivity to infection
- Reduced hormone production
- Pale skin
What characteristic is not related to aging of the skin?
Dry skin
Always cold
Hair follicles become thinner
Wrinkling
Overproduction of hormones
Overproduction of hormones
What are the two things that increase chances of acne?
- Increase sebum productions
- Abnormal desquamation
What is sebum/what does it do?
Carries skin cells and oil to surface
Overproduction of sebum leads to acne
How does the common wart form?
Abnormal growth of keratinocytes which are infected with human papillomavirus
What is epidermolysis bullosa?
Epidermis is torn apart and leads to skin blistering easily
Abnormal tonofilaments leads to what type of EB?
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
Abnormal hemidesmosomes leads to what type of EB?
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa
Abnormal anchoring fibrils leads to what type of EB?
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
All of the following can have abnormalities leading to epidermolysis bullosa except
-Tonofilaments (intermediate filaments)
-Adherens
-Hemidesmosomes
-Anchoring fibril
Adherens
All of the following are complications due to EB except
-Infection/sepsis
-Malnutrition/anemia
-High blood pressure
-Dehydration
High blood pressure
What is the fastest growing type of cancer in the USA?
Skin cancer
True or false: if detected early, the five year survival rate for melanoma is 99%
True
What are the three types of skin cancer?
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
- Melanoma
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
What type of cancer is highly metastatic (spreads easily)?
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
What type of cancer is not highly metastatic (spreads easily), but is the most common?
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
What is the ABCDE rule for characterizing melanoma?
Asymmetry- pigments don’t match
Border- irregular/indented
Color- very pigmented
Diameter- larger than 6 mm
Evolving- appearance is changing
Leather is produced from what component of the integumentary system?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Dermis
Irregular dense CT=collagen
A likely outcome of the immune cells attacking the melanocytes is
Albinism
Vitiligo
Cyanosis
EB
Melanoma
Vitiligo
Strength of leather can be most likely attributed to the properties of
Proteoglycans
Laminin
Collagen
Elastin
All of the above
Collagen
What are the Meissner’s corpuscles role in sensation?
Very fine touch like a pin prick
Damage to the reticular layer will indicate a ____ degree burn
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Second
Dermis is involved
Blisters caused by mutations in the anchoring junction protein would be classified as _______
EB simplex
Junctional EB
Dystrophic EB
Junctional EB
In the ABCDE rule for characterizing melanomas, the description “irregular and exhibits indentations” would refer to _________
A
B
C
D
E
B
Border- exhibits irregularities and indentations
