Lecture 11: Gluteal Region

Question 1

gluteus maximus attachments

Answer 1

medial: inferior to posterior gluteal line of ilium, sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
lateral: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract

Question 2

gluteus maximus innervation

Answer 2

inferior gluteal n.

Question 3

gluteus maximus actions

Answer 3

hip extension; assists lateral rotators

Question 4

gluteus medius attachments

Answer 4

medial: ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
lateral: greater trochanter

Question 5

gluteus medius innervation

Answer 5

superior gluteal n.

Question 6

gluteus medius actions

Answer 6

abduction and medial rotation of hip; supports the contralateral pelvis during the swing phase of walking

Question 7

piriformis attachments

Answer 7

medial: anteriolateral surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
distal: greater trochanter

Question 8

piriformis innervation

Answer 8

n. to piriformis

Question 9

piriformis actions

Answer 9

abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur

Question 10

these structures emerge from the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis

Answer 10

• n. to piriformis
• superior gluteal n.
• superior gluteal a.

Question 11

these structures emerge from greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis

Answer 11

• sciatic n.
• inferior gluteal n.
• inferior gluteal a.
• posterior gluteal a.
• n. to obturator internus
• internal pudendal a.
• pudendal n.

Question 12

gluteus minimus attachments

Answer 12

medial: between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
lateral: greater trochanter

Question 13

gluteus medius innervation

Answer 13

superior gluteal n.

Question 14

gluteus medius actions

Answer 14

abduction and medial rotation of thigh

Question 15

superior gemellus attachments

Answer 15

medial: spine of ischium
lateral: tendon of obturator internus m.

Question 16

superior gemellus innervation

Answer 16

n. to obturator internus

Question 17

superior gemellus actions

Answer 17

abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur

Question 18

inferior gemellus attachments

Answer 18

medial: ischial tuberosity
lateral: tendon of obturator internus m.

Question 19

inferior gemellus innervation

Answer 19

n. to quadratus femoris

Question 20

inferior gemellus actions

Answer 20

abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur

Question 21

obturator internus attachments

Answer 21

medial: internal surface of obturator membrane and borders of obturator foramen
lateral: greater trochanter

Question 22

obturator internus innervation

Answer 22

n. to obturator internus

Question 23

obturator internus actions

Answer 23

abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur

Question 24

quadratus femoris attachments

Answer 24

medial: ischial tuberosity
lateral: quadratus tubercle

Question 25

quadratus femoris innervation

Answer 25

n. to quadratus femoris

Question 26

quadratus femoris actions

Answer 26

lateral rotation of hip

Question 27

branches of sciatic n.

Answer 27

1. common fibular n. 2. tibial n.

Question 28

n. to piriformis

Answer 28

supplies piriformis

Question 29

posterior femoral cutaneous

Answer 29

supplies skin of inferior gluteal region and posterior thigh

Question 30

superior gluteal n.

Answer 30

supplies gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata

Question 31

inferior gluteal n.

Answer 31

supplies gluteus maximus

Question 32

n. to quadratus femoris

Answer 32

supplies inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris

Question 33

superior gluteal a.

Answer 33

branch of internal iliac a. ; supplies piriformis and all three gluteal mm.; contributes to hip joint anastamosis

Question 34

inferior gluteal a.

Answer 34

branch of internal iliac a. ; supplies piriformis and mm. inferior to piriformis, part of gluteus maximus and hamstrings

Question 35

internal pudendal a.

Answer 35

branch of internal iliac a.; accompanies pudendal n. in its course to perineum; supplies perineal structures

Question 36

positive trendelenburg test/sign

Answer 36

when a person is asked to stand on one leg, the pelvis on the unsupported side descends indicating that gluteus medius and minimus on the *supported* side are weak or non functional

Question 37

During recovery from a gunshot wound of the right pelvis, the patient notices a lurch in his gait. When he lifts his left foot off of the ground, his pelvis dips down on the left side. The nerve that appears to have been injured is the:

Answer 37

superior gluteal n.

Question 38

If the head of the femur is dislocated postero-medially, compression of which nerve is likely to result?

Answer 38

sciatic n.

Question 39

What muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 39

obturator internus m.

Question 40

As a patient with paralyzed gluteus medius and minimus muscles on the left side attempts to stand on the left limb only, the right side of the pelvis typically:

Answer 40

drops

Question 41

An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Tests by her doctor reveal weakness in extension at her hip, but no change in hip flexion, or flexion or extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely not functioning properly.

Answer 41

gluteus maximus

Question 42

The medial thigh muscles rotate the femur medially, counterbalanced by muscles of the _____________ thigh, including the ___________ muscle, which rotates the femur laterally.

Answer 42

lateral; piriformis