Lecture 11: Gluteal Region Flashcards
gluteus maximus attachments
medial: inferior to posterior gluteal line of ilium, sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
lateral: gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
gluteus maximus innervation
inferior gluteal n.
gluteus maximus actions
hip extension; assists lateral rotators
gluteus medius attachments
medial: ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
lateral: greater trochanter
gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal n.
gluteus medius actions
abduction and medial rotation of hip; supports the contralateral pelvis during the swing phase of walking
piriformis attachments
medial: anteriolateral surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
distal: greater trochanter
piriformis innervation
n. to piriformis
piriformis actions
abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur
these structures emerge from the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis
- n. to piriformis
- superior gluteal n.
- superior gluteal a.
these structures emerge from greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
- sciatic n.
- inferior gluteal n.
- inferior gluteal a.
- posterior gluteal a.
- n. to obturator internus
- internal pudendal a.
- pudendal n.
gluteus minimus attachments
medial: between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
lateral: greater trochanter
gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal n.
gluteus medius actions
abduction and medial rotation of thigh
superior gemellus attachments
medial: spine of ischium
lateral: tendon of obturator internus m.
superior gemellus innervation
n. to obturator internus
superior gemellus actions
abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur
inferior gemellus attachments
medial: ischial tuberosity
lateral: tendon of obturator internus m.
inferior gemellus innervation
n. to quadratus femoris
inferior gemellus actions
abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur
obturator internus attachments
medial: internal surface of obturator membrane and borders of obturator foramen
lateral: greater trochanter
obturator internus innervation
n. to obturator internus
obturator internus actions
abduction of flexed femur; lateral rotation of extended femur
quadratus femoris attachments
medial: ischial tuberosity
lateral: quadratus tubercle
quadratus femoris innervation
n. to quadratus femoris
quadratus femoris actions
lateral rotation of hip
branches of sciatic n.
- common fibular n.
- tibial n.
n. to piriformis
supplies piriformis
posterior femoral cutaneous
supplies skin of inferior gluteal region and posterior thigh
superior gluteal n.
supplies gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata
inferior gluteal n.
supplies gluteus maximus
n. to quadratus femoris
supplies inferior gemellus and quadratus femoris
superior gluteal a.
branch of internal iliac a. ; supplies piriformis and all three gluteal mm.; contributes to hip joint anastamosis
inferior gluteal a.
branch of internal iliac a. ; supplies piriformis and mm. inferior to piriformis, part of gluteus maximus and hamstrings
internal pudendal a.
branch of internal iliac a.; accompanies pudendal n. in its course to perineum; supplies perineal structures
positive trendelenburg test/sign
when a person is asked to stand on one leg, the pelvis on the unsupported side descends indicating that gluteus medius and minimus on the supported side are weak or non functional
During recovery from a gunshot wound of the right pelvis, the patient notices a lurch in his gait. When he lifts his left foot off of the ground, his pelvis dips down on the left side. The nerve that appears to have been injured is the:
superior gluteal n.
If the head of the femur is dislocated postero-medially, compression of which nerve is likely to result?
sciatic n.
What muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
obturator internus m.
As a patient with paralyzed gluteus medius and minimus muscles on the left side attempts to stand on the left limb only, the right side of the pelvis typically:
drops
An elderly patient complains of difficulty in walking up stairs. Tests by her doctor reveal weakness in extension at her hip, but no change in hip flexion, or flexion or extension of the knee. Based upon these results, what muscle is most likely not functioning properly.
gluteus maximus
The medial thigh muscles rotate the femur medially, counterbalanced by muscles of the _____________ thigh, including the ___________ muscle, which rotates the femur laterally.
lateral; piriformis
