Lecture 11: Eating Disorder Flashcards
The progression of eating
intuitive eating -> disordered eating -> eating disorder
intuitive eating
eat for nutrition, pleasure, joy
aware of hunger & satiety cues
respect & accept body
no preoccupation with body image
disordered eating (hunger/fullness, exercise, social, weight, body image, symptoms)
ignore physical hunger and/or fullness
excessive or rigid exercise to compensate eating
avoid social interactions due to eating behavior
chronic weight fluctuations
distorted body image
purging (vomiting, laxative use)
eating disorders
anorexia, bulimia, binge eating disoder, avoidant restrictive food intake disorder
self-loathing and intense feelings of guilt, shame and anger
etiology of eating disorders - biological
genetic
neurological or neurotransmitter vulnerabilities
obesity/overweight/pubertal weight gain
etiology of eating disorders - sociocultural dimension
- social comparison
- media present distorted image
- cultural norms
- objectification
etiology of eating disorders - social dimension
- parental attitudes and behaviors
- parental comments regarding appearance
- weight concerned mothers
- history of being teased about size or weight
etiology of eating disorders - psychological dimension 4
- body image dissatisfcation
- low self esteem, lack of control
- perfectionism or other personality characteristics
- childhood sexual or physical abuse
signs and symptoms of ED - emotional and behavioral (weight, food, others, fat, beliefs, social, mood, bathroom, clothes)
- increased focus on weight loss and food
- refusing to eat certain foods
- not eating around others
- referring to themselves as fat
- rigid beliefs about food
- withdrawing socially
- mood swings
- using bathroom after eating
- wearing baggy clothing
signs and symptoms of ED - physical (weight, dry…, weak, feeling, teeth, sleep, health)
- visible weight changes
- dry skin, hair & fingernails
- fainting/dizzy
- feeling cold
- damaged teeth & gums
- sleeping problems
- health problems
ED and anxiety
ED, particularly restrictive eating (where you severely limit food intake) is more prevalent in those who suffer from anxiety.
The anxiety typically precedes (arises before) the ED does.
Many people who suffer from an ED also experience anxiety.
_ teens may be at higher risk of binge-eating and purging than heterosexual teens
12, gay, lesbian, and bisexual teens
Why are LGBTQ2+ identified people at higher risk of developing ED? 7
fear of rejection or experience of rejections by friends, family, and co-workers
Internalized negative messages/beliefs about oneself due to sexual orientation, non-normative gender expressions, or transgender identity
Experiences of violence and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which research shows sharply increases vulnerability to an eating disorder
Discrimination due to one’s sexual orientation and/or gender identity
Being a victim of bullying due to one’s sexual orientation and/or gender identity
Discordance between one’s biological sex and gender identity
Inability to meet body image ideals within some LGBTQ+ cultural context
What are the barriers to support and treatment?
lack of culturally-competent treatment, which addresses the complexity of unique sexuality and gender identity issues,
lack of support from family and friends, and insufficient eating disorders education among LGBTQ+ resource providers who are in a position to detect and intervene.
What may have a protective effect against developing an ED in those who identify as LGBTQ2
A sense of connectedness to the gay community
