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Anatomy Exam 2: Lectures 8-15 > Lecture 11: Antebrachium and Elbow > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Antebrachium and Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ante brachium divided into?

A

anterior and posterior compartments by facial septae that are continuous with the deep fascia that

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2
Q

on the posterior surface the deep fascia thickens and forms a _________ that converts the grooves form the radius into________ for extensor tendons.

A

transverse; tunnels

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3
Q

What is the common origin of the anterior compartment of muscles?

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

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4
Q

What is the common function of the anterior compartment of muscles?

A

wrist and digit flexion

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of muscles?

A

median and ulnar nerves

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6
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of muscles?

A

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

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7
Q

What are the intermediate muscles of the anterior compartment of muscles?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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8
Q

Proximal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

humero ulnar head

radial head

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9
Q

distal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

shafts of middle phalanges of digest II through V

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10
Q

Action of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexes middle phalanges of medial four fingers
flex proximal phalanges at MP joints by continued action
capable of flexing each finger independently

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11
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median nerve (C7, 8, T1)

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12
Q

Proximal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

A

proximal two thirds of anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane

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13
Q

Distal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus

A

distal phalanges 2-5

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14
Q

What muscle is the only one that can flex the distal IP joints of the fingers?

A

flexor digitorum profundus

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15
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

flex index finger independently

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16
Q

Blood supply of flexor digitorum profundus

A

anterior interosseous artery

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17
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum profundus

A

median nerve via anterior interosseous nerve (C8, T1) and ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

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18
Q

Proximal attachment of flexor pollicis longus

A

mid anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

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19
Q

Distal attachment of flexor pollicis longus

A

distal phalanx of thumb

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20
Q

Action of flexor pollicis longus

A

flexes distal phalanx of thumb

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21
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicis longus

A

median nerve (C8, T1)

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22
Q

Common function of muscles of posterior antebrachium

A

primarily wrist and hand extensors

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23
Q

Common origin of muscles of posterior antebrachium

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

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24
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior antebrachium?

A 
brachioradialis 
extensor carpi radialis longus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extensor digitorum 
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris
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25
Q

All muscles of the posterior forearm are innervated by the _____ via the deep branch or the _________ nerve

A

radial nerve, posterior interosseous nerve

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26
Q

Brachioradialis proximal attachment

A

proximal 2/3 of supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

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27
Q

Brachioradialis distal attachment

A

distal radius, proximal to styloid process

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28
Q

Brachioradialis actions

A

flexes forearm when it is pronated (about mid prone position)

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29
Q

Brachioradialis blood supply

A

radila collateral artery, radial recurrent artery, radial artery

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30
Q

Brachioradialis innervation

A

radial nerve (C5, 6, 7)

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31
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus proximal attachment

A

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

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32
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus distal attachment

A

dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

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33
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus actions

A

extends and abducts hand at wrist

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34
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus blood supply

A

radial collateral artery, radial recurrent artery, recurrent interosseous artery and posterior interosseous

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35
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

radial nerce (C6, 7)

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36
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin)

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37
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis distal attachment

A

dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

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38
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis actions

A

extends and abducts hand at wrist

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39
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis blood supply

A

radial collateral artery, radial recurrent artery, recurrent interosseous artery, and posterior interosseous artery

40
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve (C7, 8)

41
Q

extensor digitorum proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

42
Q

extensor digitorum distal attachment

A

extensor expansions of medial four fingers

43
Q

extensor digitorum actions

A

extends medial 4 fingers at metacarpophalangeal joints and somewhat at interphalangeal joints

44
Q

extensor digitorum blood supply

A

posterior interosseous artery, recurrent interosseous, and perforating branch of the anterior interosseous arteries

45
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8)

46
Q

extensor digiti minimi proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

47
Q

extensor digiti minimi distal attachment

A

extensor expansion of fifth finger

48
Q

extensor digiti minimi actions

A

extends 5th finger at metacarpophalangeal joint and somewhat at interphalangeal joint

49
Q

extensor digiti minimi blood supply

A

posterior interosseous artery, recurrent interosseous, and perforating branch of the anterior interosseous arteries

50
Q

extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8)

51
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna

52
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris distal attachment

A

dorsal aspect of base of fifth metacarpal

53
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris actions

A

extends and adducts hand at wrist

54
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris blood supply

A

radial collateral artery, recurrent interosseous, and posterior interosseous artery

55
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

posterior interosseous nerve (C7, 8)

56
Q

What are the four deep muscles of the posterior ante brachium?

A 
aductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor indicis 
supinator
57
Q

pronator quadratus proximal attachment

A

distal third of ulna

58
Q

pronator quadratus distal attachment

A

distal third of radius

59
Q

pronator quadratus action

A

pronates forearm, helps interosseous membrane to hold radius and ulna together

60
Q

pronator quadratus innervation

A

anterior interosseous branch of median nerve (C8, T1)

61
Q

pronator teres proximal attachment

A

ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna; humeral head: medial epicondyle and supracondular ridge

62
Q

pronator teres distal attachment

A

middle third of lateral surface of radius

63
Q

pronator teres action

A

pronates forearm, flexes antebrachium

64
Q

pronator teres innervation

A

median nerve (C6,7)

65
Q

supinator proximal attachment

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, ulnar crest

66
Q

supinator distal attachment

A

proximal 1/3 of radius

67
Q

supinator action

A

supinates forearm, brings radius back to anatomical position

68
Q

supinator innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve (C7, 8)

69
Q

What is the functional neurological level of the median nerve?

A

C7

70
Q

What does the ulnar nerve supply?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

half of flexor digitorum profundus

71
Q

What are the branches of the ulnar artery?

A

anterior ulnar recurrent to inferior ulnar collateral
posterior ulnar recurrent to anterior ulnar collateral
common interosseous to anterior and posterior interosseous

72
Q

What are the branches of the radial artery?

A

radial recurrent
dorsal carpal artery
dorsal metacarpal and digital arteries
first dorsal metacarpal: princeps pollicis and radialis indicis

73
Q

What type of joint is the elbow complex?

A

hinge joint

uniaxial

74
Q

What is the function of the elbow complex?

A

antebrachium extension, flexion, supination, and pronation

75
Q

What are the joints of the elbow complex?

A 
humeroulnar joint
humeroradial joint
radioulnar joint (superior, inferior, intermediate)
76
Q

What does the humeroulnar joint articulate with and do?

A

trochlear notch to trochlear

flexion and extension

77
Q

What does the humeroradial joint articulate with and do?

A

fovea of head of radius and capitulum

flexion, extension, pronation and supination

78
Q

What does the superior radioulnar joint articulate with

A

radial notice of ulna and annular ligament

79
Q

What does the inferior radioulnar joint articulate with

A

ulnar notch of radius, articular disc, head of ulna

80
Q

What does the intermediate radiounlar joint articulate with?

A

interosseous membrane

syndesmosis

81
Q

What are the three different articulations of the elbow joint?

A

humeroulnar articulation
humeroradial articulation
proxiaml radioulnar articulation

82
Q

Describe the medial (ulnar) collateral ligament

A

medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon process

slack ligament results in valgus deformity

83
Q

Describe the lateral (radial) collateral ligament?

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament and olecranon process

slack ligament results in varus deformity

84
Q

Describe the annular ligament

A

attached to ulna

forms sling around neck of radius

85
Q

Describe the close packed position

A

extension

86
Q

What are the axes of the carrying angle?

A

longitudinal axis of humerus

long axis through trochlea

87
Q

What is increase in the carrying angle?

A

cubitus valgus

88
Q

What is the decrease in the carrying angle?

A

cubitus varus

89
Q

What is the relationship of the ulnar nerve to the elbow complex?

A

medial epicondyle
olecranon process
ulnar nerve runs posterior to medial epicondyle of humerus
origins of flexor carpi ulnaris

90
Q

What is the relationship of the bicipital aponeurosis to the elbow complex?

A

brachial artery and median cubital vein

91
Q

What is the relationship of the median to the elbow complex?

A

to the brachial artery

92
Q

In the elbow complex the epicondyles of the humerus go to

A

collateral arteries of cubital region

93
Q

In the elbow complex the ulnar artery goes to the

A

deep head of pronator teres

94
Q

In the elbow complex the median nerve goes to the

A

heads of pronator teres

95
Q

In the elbow complex the superficial and deep radial nerves go to

A

supinator

Anatomy Exam 2: Lectures 8-15 (7 decks)

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