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Anatomy - MV > Lecture 11-12 Circulatory > Flashcards

Lecture 11-12 Circulatory Flashcards

1
Q

Whats the name of the place where different blood vessels come together to provide an alternate route of blood flow?

A

anastamosis

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2
Q

What is name for having low RBC count in the blood and therefore less Oxygen delivered?

A

Anemia

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3
Q

What is name for lack/restriction of blood supply to an area/tissue?

A

ischemia

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4
Q

What is special about end Arteries, what do they not do?

A

no anastamosis

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5
Q

What are Functional end arteries? give one example

A

they are Arteries that have anastomosis that are so small , that we give them their own categorie of functional End, and coronary arteries are an example.

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6
Q

What is the Circle of Willis, where is it, and what is it formed by?

A

it is your internal brain anastamosis of the Vertebral and internal carotid arteries (yes the vertebral becomes other vessels before actually anastomizing)

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7
Q

Which forms anastamosis more, veins or arteries?

A

Veins

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8
Q

B/c veins do not have much internal pressure, what must they have? Which layer is responsible for the lack in internal pressure?

A

valves
The lack of the tunica media. Veins only have a Very thin layer of smooth muscle in them, its there but not strong enough to create pressure like the arteries.

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9
Q

name the 3 layers of Blood vessels and what are their responsibility?

A

tunica
Intima - endothelium, exchange in capillaries
media - circular layers of smooth muscle used in vaso constriction and dialation via the ANS.
Externa- C.T. for anchoring of the blood vessel

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10
Q

what is another name for the Tunica Externa?

A

Tunica Adventitia

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11
Q

What is the type of Connective Tissue in the Tunica Adventitia?

A

Areolar C.T. and contains elastic and collagen fibers and nerve fibers.

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12
Q

Which layer is bigger in the veins and which is smaller in the veins?

A

Veins have larger adventitia/externa and smaller media.

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13
Q

What is the name of the vessels that supply blood to large blood vessels themselves?

A

Vaso Vasorum.

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14
Q

Do you need to know starred items on slide 11? labeled external and internal elastic lamina?

A

they are ONLY on the artery and NOT vein. and surround the tunica media. one on each side.

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15
Q

What is special about the arteries that are nearer to the heart vs. those are further from the heart? and what is change of diameter as you leave the heart and why.

A

they are more elastic

diameter decreases due to tunica media getting smaller… loosing layers

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16
Q

Which tunica layer is affected by the ANS

A

media

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17
Q

Know the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis? which is a type of the other and which is more general? what types of procedures are done to help correct?

A

Arterio - hardening - more general
Athero - plaque/lipid formation in wall, a type of arterio.
Angioplasty (expansion or stint)

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18
Q

About how big are capillaries and what layers of the tunica are they comprised of?

A

size of RBC

ONLY tunica Intima

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19
Q

What is the name for area that connects the arteriole to the Capillary bed? and which tunica is it comprised of?

A

meta-arteriole

tunica intima - endothelium (could be debatable, but probably not a test question)

20
Q

What Structures can control the blood flow to capillaries and are located around/in the meta-arteriole?

A

Pre-capillary sphincters - They are only needed and therefore located on the arterioles side, (not on venules side of the bed)

21
Q

Name your 3 types of Capillaries and then Which type is found in the Lungs, liver, GI, kidney, Spleen, endocrine, pituitary?

A
  1. continuous - most common - lungs! important but wasnt in lecture,
  2. fenustrated - holey- GI, kidney, Endocrine
  3. Sinusoids/discontinous - clefts- Liver, spleen, pituitary
22
Q

Veins contain on avg, what percent of the blood in the body?

A

60-64%

23
Q

Varicose veins occurs b/c blood is what? due to what?

A

Pooling b/c damaged/leaky valves

24
Q

Sclerotherapy is an injection into the veins to do what?

A

Scar or close them

25
Q

Ablation closes veins by ________ them?

A

Heating

26
Q

DVT refers to what and is what/

A

deep vein thrombosis - clot in lower leg, from lack of leg voluntary muscle contraction and blood pooling. (long flights)

27
Q

What is most superficial of the 3? veins, arteries, nerves?

A

veins

28
Q

What % of blood can be found in lungs and heart generally?

A

Lungs 9%, heart 7%

29
Q

the pulmonary trunk is attached to which chamber of the heart?

A

R, ventricle

30
Q

Know the difference b/c Respiration and inhalation?

A

Respiration, gas exchange at aveoli,

inhalation, air coming in

31
Q

what are the 2 main arteries that supply blood to inside the cranium? and also therefore the circulatory anastomisis called the ?

A

Internal carotid from the common carotid
vertebral from the subclavian
Circle of Willis

32
Q

Does the liver dump its blood into the inferior or superior vena cava?

A

inferior

33
Q

Where does the external Carotid supply blood to?

A

face

34
Q

Which major artery gives rise to internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunks, and vertebral artery?

A

Subclavian

35
Q

Which major artery gives rise to the Lingual, occipital, ascending pharyngeal, and superior thyroid artery, & posterior auricular, maxillary, and superficial temporal artery ?

A

External Carotid - yes it also does the face, but that one is too easy. And you may have to locate these, but good thing they are name for where they go.

36
Q

What does the retromandibular vein connect?

A

the ext. and internal jugular vein. (was touched on in lecture, but not really in slides)

37
Q

Do the internal and External jugular veins dump into the same place?

A

Internal dumps into Brachiocephalic vein

External dumps into Subclavian vein

38
Q

Dural Sinuses flow into the what?

A

Internal jugular Veins

39
Q

name the 3 main veins draining the head

A

Int and Ext Jugular veins

Vertebral veins

40
Q

Neck is drained by the which veins

A

only 2 Int and ext. Jugular veins

41
Q

From chart comparing veins and arteries, which has more elastic and collagen fibers? why?

A

The arteries contain these two (internal and exteral) elastic membranes (lamina) within its Tunica media, that sandwhich the smoothmuscle tissue.

42
Q

How many brachiocephalic veins?

A

2, and only 1 brachiocephalic trunk

43
Q

Name the 5 arteries of the Circle of Willis? What is the function of this arterial circle?

A 
Be able to diagram them.
Ant, and Post. cerebral 
Ant. and Post. Comm.
Int. carotid
equalized Brain B.P. and Provides collateral channels if one is blocked.
44
Q

What is the name of the sinus that delivers blood to the Jugular vein?

A

Sigmoid

45
Q

What are the 3 sinuses that drain blood into the sigmoid sinus?

A

Superior and inferior Petrosal and the Transvers sinus

46
Q

The inferior sagittal sinus dumps its blood into which sinus that take then takes it to the transvers sinus?

A

Straight sinus

Anatomy - MV (5 decks)

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