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Anatomy - MV > Anatomy L5-6 Nervous > Flashcards

Anatomy L5-6 Nervous Flashcards

0
Q

The spinal cord and its attached
spinal nerves serve what two important
functions?

A

pathway for sensory and motor impulses

responsible for reflexes

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1
Q

the spinal cord develops from which priomordial germ layer? and what are 2 other names that will be used for this layer?

A

ectoderm

neuroectoderm, and neuroepithelium.

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2
Q

The spinal cord, starts as the neural plate, and then becomes the Neural ______ and then neural _______?

A

Groove

tube

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3
Q

in the vicinity of the spinal cord, Where is the extra Ganglion located? in the dorsal or ventral root? and what does it consist of?

A

Dorsal root ganglion, there is no ganglion on the ventral root.
Consists of the Cell bodies.

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4
Q

dorsal plate = _____ plate (ventral or dorsal horn? /sensory or motor?)
ventral plate = _____ plate (ventral or dorsal horn?/sensory or motor?

A

Alar plate - dorsal horn/ sensory

Basal plate - Ventral horn/motor

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5
Q

How does the Dorsal Root Ganglion connect to spine and body?

A

It sends out Central processes that connect to the CNS and peripheral processes that connect with each part of the body to receive sensory information.

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6
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31

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7
Q

what are the 2 spinal cord enlargements? and where are they?

A

Cervical enlargement C6-C7

Lumbar enlargement L1

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8
Q

Which region of the Spinal cord does the Brachial plexus originate from?

A

Cervical

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9
Q

What are the 4 regions of the spinal cord?

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

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10
Q

Sympathetic Outflow is control by which spinal cord regions?

what about parasympathetic?

A

Thoracic and Lumbar

Sacral

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11
Q

WHat doesthe gray matter in the spinal column consist of?

A

Cell bodies

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12
Q

Central processes come from? and what do they do?

A

Sent out from the cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion to connect the afferent nerves to the spinal cord.

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13
Q

Peripheral processes come from ? and what do they do?

A

sent out from the cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion to connect the afferent nerves to the extremities

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14
Q

White matter is formed by the ?

A

axons

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15
Q

The posterior plate is aka? and consists of what type of neurons?

A

Alar plate

interneurons

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16
Q

the anterior plate is aka? and consists of what 2 types of neurons?

A

Basal plate

motor neurons and ventral interneurons

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17
Q

What are 3 membranous layers covering the spinal cord? together they constitute the ________?

A

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Meninges

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18
Q

CSF is located where in the spinal column?

A

Between the pia mater and arachnoid mater.

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19
Q

what are lateral projections of the pia mater that help anchor it to the dura mater?

A

Denticulate ligaments (toothlike structures)

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20
Q

what is the inferior projection of pia mater directly off the end of the spinal cord itself?

A

Filum terminalis

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21
Q

What is the end of the spinal cord called?

A

conus medularis

22
Q

Nerves in spine exit from openings called ?

A

intervertebral Foramina

23
Q

Which cranial nerve arises from the superior part of the spinal cord?

24
What is the part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord?
Medulla oblongata
25
What is the name of C1 vertebrae
Atlas
26
What are the first nerve structures called that come from the spinal cord? Stringy fibers... and this then becomes?
rootlets | roots
27
The spinal cord ending is called the ?
Conus medularis
28
what comes after the Conus medularis?
Cauda equina
29
Rootlets converge on_________ which converges on ______?
root | spinal nerve
30
Spinal ganglion only come from which Root? pos/ant
posterior
31
The 3 spaces around the spinal cord?
Subdural space, subarachnoid space, epidural space
32
From the nerve root, the spinal nerve immediatly does what? into what?
splits | into anterior and posterior ramus
33
Which ramus is smaller? which one has afferent and which has efferent?
The posterior ramus is smaller. | Both Ramus come from the spinal nerve, which means, they have both afferent and efferent
34
The posterior and anterior nerve roots unite just proximal to what structure?
intervertebral foramen, and form a mixed spinal nerve.
35
What is a unilateral area of skin innervated by a single nerve called?
dermatome, but usually 2 nerves will cover each area.
36
What is a unilateral muscle mass innervated by a single nerve called?
myotome
37
what does posterior primary rami supply nerve fibers to?
synovial joints of the vertebral column, deep muscles of the back, and the skin.
38
Nerve Plexuses | A network of interweaving _______ rami of spinal nerves?
anterior
39
Other important name for Ant. Rami and Post. Rami
Hypaxial | Epaxial
40
Cervical nerve 3,4,5 keep the _____________ alive?
Diaphragm
41
The spinal nerves of the cervical plexus? Numbers
C1-4
42
The spinal nerves of the brachial plexus? Numbers
C5-T1
44
From the spine out: | List the names of the brachioplexus's nerves structure? Acronym
RTDCB | roots, trunks, divisions, cords, branches.
45
Lumbar plexus is made up of which spinal nerves? | Sacral plesus is made up of which spinal nerves?
L1-L4 | L4-S4
45
_____________is when both the receptor and effector organs of the reflex areon the same side of the spinal cord?
Ipsilateral
46
_____________is when both the receptor and effector organs of the reflex are on the same side of the spinal cord?
Ipsilateral
47
Of a monosynaptic and polysynaptic neuron, which one contains an interneuron?
Polysynaptic
48
What type of reflex is a stretch reflex? Mono and poly?
Monosynaptic
49
Where do the Golgi tendon organs connect on the muscle and what do they do?
Near the muscle tendon junction | it prevents muscles from tensing excessively
50
Other than normal, a reflex response may be what other two types of reflexes?
Hypoactive or hyperactive
51
two nerves of the cervical plexus that you need to know and what they are associated with? and what cervical nerves are part of the cervical plexus?
Ansa cericalis C1-3 - neck muscles Phrenic C3-5 - diaphragm Plexus is C1-4
52
What are the numbers of the spinal nerves of Brachial plexus? what is their major affect? name the 5 nerves to know?
C5-T1 Upper limbs MMARU - muscle men act really uptight
53
Nerves from Lumbar plexus to generally know? | Nerves from sacral plexus to know?
Femoral, iliac | sciatic, tibial, common fibular

Anatomy - MV (5 decks)

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