Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sensation and perception > Lecture 11 > Flashcards

Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

gustation

A

taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

olfaction

A

smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chemosenses

A

senses that detect chemicals

smell and taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

uses of taste and smell

A

prevent ingestion of toxins, avoid danger

social effects of smell- pheremones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

core tastes

A

sweet, sour, salty, umami, bitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what receptors does each taste bud cell contain?

A

receptors for each of the 5 core tastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what causes a sweet taste?

A

sugars and artificial sweeteners

  • fructose, glucose
  • aspartame, saccharin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what causes a sour taste?

A

all acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what causes a bitter taste?

A

no unique chemical class

-quinine, caffeine, peptide, phenols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what causes a salty taste

A

salts like table salt (NaCl) or NH4Cl, KCl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what causes an umami taste?

A

mono sodium glutamate, inosine 5’ - monophosphate, guanosine 5’ monophosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are ‘super tasters’?

A

people with more papillae and taste buds

can detect ‘tasteless’ substance PROP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the suggested sixth taste?

A

starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why may starch detection be important?

A

for detection as a slow release form of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how many types of molecule can smell differentiate between?

A

10,000 types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is smell limited by?

A

our memory for what they indicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

classification for smells?

A

no satisfactory classification of odours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

two routes for smell

A

orthonasal and retronasal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

orthonasal

A

via inhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

retronasal

A

during chewing/ swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how many different types of olfactory receptor?

A

350

21
Q

how many different types of olfactory receptor?

A

350

22
Q

what do receptors of similar types project to

A

the same ganglion

23
Q

how many chemicals can we discriminate (smell)

A

1 trillion

24
Q

effect of attention on smell

A

sniffing

automatic attention

25
Q

effect of labelling on smell

A

same odour will smell worse if labelled as a body odour rather than cheese

26
Q

effects of learning

A

expert wine tasters identifying wone odours

27
Q

top down effects on smell

A

attention, effect of labelling, effect of learning

28
Q

the proust effect

A

vivid memories bought back by particular smells

29
Q

close linkage between smell and what part of the brain (related to memory)

A

limbic system (emotion)

30
Q

what is flavour a combination of? what else influences it?

A

gustation and olfaction

Texture, pain, sound, vision

31
Q

how is the tongue represented in the somatosensory system

A

well represented

32
Q

what does chilli act on:

A

pain receptors on teh tongue

33
Q

what tastes can partially supress chilli?

A

best: sweet and sour liquids
salty intermediate
bitter not effective

34
Q

when do foods taste crunchier and fresher?

A

when the sound is amplified of the high frequencies increased

35
Q

when is food rated less sweet and salty?

A

in the presence of background noise

36
Q

how does art inspired dishes impact tastiness ratings

A

increased ratings

37
Q

what is multisensory perception

A

generated several independent energies, which are simultaneously detectable by different types of sensory detector

38
Q

what do multisensory receptive fields refer to?

A

a single neuron that responds to more than one modality

39
Q

what does the orbitofrontal cortex respond to?

A

taste and smell

40
Q

what does the posterior parietal cortex respond to?

A

touch, vision and audition

41
Q

what does multisensory integration do/ allow?

A

1) allows the detection of weak stimulus in another modality
2) can make sense of an ambiguous modality in another modality
3) can alter the quality of a stimulus in another modality

42
Q

why is ventriloquism important?

A

an example of how visual information can influence where in space we perceive a sound source (multisensory integration)

43
Q

what is the McGurk effect? what does it demonstrate?

A

if you watch lips moving make a gaga sound and hear baba, perceive baba
visual information is affecting the sound that you hear

44
Q

rubber hand illusion

A

tactile input and visual input differ

a persons own hand may feel as if its in the location of a rubber hand

45
Q

kinaesthesia- illusion of speed and explanation

A

70mph initially feels faster than 10 minutes later

Nervous system turns down the ‘gain’ on steady-state inputs

46
Q

what is the effect of painted/ raised lines on a road?

A

increased awareness of speed via vision and audition

multisensory approach

47
Q

what is synaesthesia?

A

stimulation of a particular type which always leads to another perceptual experience

48
Q

how many people have synaesthesia?

A

1 in 200

49
Q

what can training to experience genuine synaesthesia lead to?

A

an increase in IQ

Sensation and perception (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions