Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Toxicology > Lecture 10 - Poison Control Pt 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 - Poison Control Pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 key history taking questions

A

what, when, how much, what is the patients weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are important steps in history taking

A

obtain all prescription bottles, count pills, identify all unknown tablets, search home and belongings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the steps in a toxicology physical exam

A

vital signs, skin, pupils, bowel sounds, neurologic exams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does miotic mean

A

small pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does mydriatic mean

A

big pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What odor is associated with cyanide

A

bitter almonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What odor is associated with water hemlock

A

carrots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What odor is associated with zinc or aluminum phosphide

A

fishy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What odor is associated with ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol and chloroform

A

fruity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What odor is associated with arsenic, DMSO, organophosphates and yellow phosphorous

A

garlic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What odor is associated with toluene and solvents

A

glue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What odor is associated with paraldehyde and chloral hydrate

A

pear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What odor is associated with hydrogen sulfide, DMSA, N-acetylcystine

A

rotten eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What odor is associated with nitrobenzene

A

shoe polish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What odor is associated with methyl salicylate

A

wintergreen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a toxidrome

A

a constellation of clinical signs and symptoms that will help identify the specific toxin ingested

17
Q

What are common toxidromes

A

sedative/hypnotic, opioid, cholinergic, anticholinergic, sympathomimetic

18
Q

What are included in the sedative/hypnotic toxidrome

A

quaaludes, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, ethanol

19
Q

What do sedatives/hypnotics cause

A

general anesthesia, loss of awareness and reflex activity

20
Q

What are the features of a sedative/hypnotic

A

normal pupils
RR decreased
BP/HR slight decrease
Skin normal
mental status sedated
bowel sounds normal

21
Q

What drugs fall into the opioid toxidrome

A

heroin, morphine, codeine, oxycodone, fentanyl, opium, hydromorphone, percocet, tramadol

22
Q

What do opioids cause

A

pronounced respiratory depression, triad of symptoms (pinpoint pupils, unconscious, respiratory depression)

23
Q

What are the features of opioids

A

small fixed pupils
RR decreased
BP/HR slightly decreased
Skin normal
mental status euphoria to coma
bowel sounds decreased

24
Q

What falls into the cholinergic toxodrome

A

organic phosphorous compounds, carbamates, mushrooms

25
Q

What do cholinergics cause

A

patient is ‘wet’, CNS involvement, skeletal muscle weakness, pupils are mitotic

26
Q

What are the features of cholinergics

A

pupils are small fixed and lacrimation
RR normal or increased
HR can be decreased or increased
Skin is wet
Mental status confusion, drowsiness, coma, seizures
Bowel sounds increased

27
Q

What is a pneumonic to remember for cholinergics

A

SLUDGE and the killer Bs

salivation
lacrimation
urination
diarrhea
gastrointestinal distress
emesis

bromchorrhea
bronchospasm
bradychardia

28
Q

What drugs fall into the anticholinergic toxodrome

A

antihistamines, antipsychotics, antidepressants, among others

29
Q

What are the features of anticholinergics

A

pupils are big, fixed, blurred
RR normal
HR increased
skin is dry, hot, flushed
mental status delirium, coma, seizures
bowel sounds decreased

30
Q

What drugs fall in the sympathomimetic toxodrome

A

amphetamines, cocaine, ephidrine, methamphetamine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine

31
Q

What do sympathomimetic drugs cause

A

CNS effects, elevated BP, dilated pupils, piloerection

32
Q

What are the features of sympathomimetics

A

pupils are large and reactive
RR increased
BP/HR increased
skin is wet
metnal status agitation delirium psychosis
bowel sounds increased

Toxicology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions