Lecture 06 - Alcohol

Question 1

What is the AUC for blood alcohol

Answer 1

it has a linear descending portion (though the kinetics change at 20mg%)

Question 2

How is alcohol absorpted

Answer 2

via simple diffusion
since it doesn’t need to be broken down it is absorbed quickly

Question 3

How much alcohol is absorbed in the stomach

Answer 3

30%

Question 4

How much alcohol is absorbed in the intestines

Answer 4

70%

Question 5

What are factors that can effect alcohol absorption

Answer 5

food, concentration of alcohol, rate of consumption

Question 6

How long after the last drink do you reach peak BAC

Answer 6

30 minutes

Question 7

How is alcohol distributed after it had been absorbed

Answer 7

to the liver first, then the heart, followed by the rest of the body

Question 8

Where does alcohol distribute

Answer 8

into the water content of tissues and fluidsW

Question 9

What has high water content

Answer 9

blood and urine

Question 10

What has low water content

Answer 10

bone and fat

Question 11

How is alcohol eliminated from the body

Answer 11

metabolism and excretion

Question 12

What is metabolism

Answer 12

occurs in the liver, alcohol is changed to CO2 and water, 90-98% of alcohol is metabolized

Question 13

What is excretions

Answer 13

removed from the body unchanged via breath, urine, sweat, tears, saliva, feces

Question 14

What is the average rate of elimination

Answer 14

10-20 mg% per hour

Question 15

What is the rate of elimination of heavy drinkers

Answer 15

up to 35 mg% per hour

Question 16

How much higher is urine alcohol levels than BAC

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

How much higher is vitreous humor alcohol levels than BAC

Answer 17

20%

Question 18

How much higher is serum/plasma alcohol levels than BAC

Answer 18

10-20%

Question 19

What is the classification of alcohol

Answer 19

central nervous system depressant

Question 20

What is impairment

Answer 20

BAC less than 100 mg%

Question 21

What effects are seen with impairment

Answer 21

loss of inhibition and emotions

effect on: visual abilities, judgement, reaction time, concentration/attention, information processing

Question 22

What is intoxication

Answer 22

100-250 mg%

Question 23

What effects are seen with intoxication

Answer 23

disturbed vision, loss of balance, vasodilation, muscular incoordination, slurred speech, emotional disturbance, decreased pain sense

Question 24

What is severe intoxication

Answer 24

250-400 mg%

Question 25

What is seen with severe intoxication

Answer 25

depressed reflexes, apathy, stupor, comatose

Question 26

What is death

Answer 26

400 mg% or greater

Question 27

What is seen with death

Answer 27

depression of respiratory center, breathing stops