Lecture 10 - Photosynthesis I

Question 1

What is ATP?

Answer 1

Nucleotide - Ade-no-sine-tri-phosphate

Question 2

What is the structure of photosynthesis

Answer 2

1. Adenine
2. Ribose
3. 3 Phosphate group

Question 3

How does ATP store energy?

Answer 3

1. Unstable molecule which phosphate bonds can break easily

2. Bonds release a lot of energy

Question 4

What are the three ways in which ATP synthesise.

Answer 4

1. PhotoPhosphorylation ( occurs in photosynthesis)
2. OxidativePhosphorylation (occurs in mitrochondria of eukaryotic cell)
3. Substrate-levelPhosphorylation (glycolysis which occurs anaerobically in cytoplasm)

1 and 2 involve electron carrier molecules in chloroplast and mitocondria

Question 5

Why do organisms need energy?

Answer 5

1. Movement
2. Active Transport
3. Maintenance, repair and division of cells
4. Synthesis of macro molecules
5. Maintenance of body temperature
6. Secretion: needed to form lysozymes
7. Activation of molecules: phosphorylation

Question 6

What happens during glycolysis?

Answer 6

1. Transfer of energy from ATP molecule when phosphate group from ATP is transferred to Carbon 6 the glucose molecule

Question 7

Why is ATP a source of immediate energy?

Answer 7

1. Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is a single quick reaction
2. Stores of ATP run out quick
3. ATP must then be released from carbs and fat stores

Question 8

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 8

use of light from sun to synthesise complex organic molecules from simple inorganic molecules

Question 9

[Learn structure of a leaf]

Answer 9

LEARN IT

Question 10

How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?

Answer 10

1. Large surface area
2. Thin - less diffusion time
3. Transparent cuticle and epidermis lets light into mesophyll
4. Palisade cells packed with chloroplasts
5. Numerous stomata for gas exchange to mesophyll cells
6. Stomata open in response to light
7. Xylem vessels bring water and phloem vessels carry away sugars produced by photosynthesis