lecture 10: lifetime nutrition child and teen Flashcards
Infant Progress
Growth of 25cm in first year; learns to stand, toddle, walk, hymp, run
Infant Progress
Growth of 25cm in first year; learns to stand, toddle, walk, hymp, run
Child Energy Needs Vary Widely* calorie wise
1 year old: Needs about 800kcal/day
6 year old: Needs about 1500-1600kcal/day
10 years old: Needs 2000kcal/day
carb needs
130g* of glucose needed for brain to limit ketosis (same for adults)
FIBRE ADEQUATE INTAKE:*
1-3 years: 19g/day
4-8 years: 25g/day
Don’t have as much fibre for kids who are picky, don’t eat a lot (fibre is filling)
Risk of malnutrition if they eat even less because of the fibre
Fat & Fatty Acid Needs
Important for kids as it’s a dense energy source for growth + brain dev
Limit SFA/TFA to protect against heart disease -> don’t limit healthy fats like cheese, avocado
Essential fatty acids are needed for brain, nerve, eye development
AMDR’S FOR FAT:*
1-3 YEARS: 30-40% of kcal
4-8 YEARS: 25-35% of kcal (recall: for adults, it’s 20-35%)
iron deficiency in 2nd yr of life
misdiagnosed as “hyperactive, depressed, unlikeable”***
eating recommendations
eat as a family and be a role model when trying new, nutritious foods*
Adolescent Food Habits
Often change for the worse; missing nutrients, skip breakfast, less milk/vegetables/fruit, more soft drinks
About 20-25%* of teen’s total daily energy kcal are from snacks
Not bad if they’re wise, healthy choices
But usually, high in SFA, sodium, low fibre, calcium, iron, vitamin A
Parents
Single greatest influence on a child’s eating habits*
Juices
Limit to 125-175mL/day; high in calories and natural sugars
food allergies
Immune responses to foreign substances in response to an antigen
Epinephrine Injection
“Epipen” to prevent anaphylaxis after exposure
Adrenal hormone that counteracts shock by opening airways, maintains heartbeat/BP
food intolerances
Adverse reaction to food/food additive, NO IMMUNE REACTION*
Unpleasant symptoms that reliably occur after eating certain foods
Fat/fatty acids + AMDR’s**
Get healthy fats and avoid SFA, TFA
AMDR’S FOR FAT:*
1-3 YEARS: 30-40% of kcal
4-8 YEARS: 25-35% of kcal (recall: for adults, it’s 20-35%
FOUR Major Adverse Effects of TV on Childhood Nutrition*
TV viewing requires no energy; less metabolic rate than resting
Consumes time that could be spent in energetic play; it’s inactivity
Correlates with: between-meal snacking + consuming high calorie fatty/sugar foods
Foods that are heavily advertised
Children who watch >4 hours/day or during meals
More likely to be obese, less likely to eat fruits/vegetables
