Lecture 10 - Informed Consent

Question 1

What do you need legally for informed consent to be valid? (3)

Answer 1

• client must have legal and mental capacity to make treatment decision.
• consent must be given voluntarily and w/o coercion.
• client must understand risks and benefits of procedure or treatment, risks of not undergoing procedure or treatment, and any available alternatives to procedure or treatment.

Question 2

Requirements for informed consent? (4)

Answer 2

• brief, complete explanation of procedure/ treatment.
• Names and qualifications of people performing and assisting in procedure.
• description of any possible harm, including permanent damage or death, that may occur as result of procedure.
• explanation of therapeutic alternatives to proposed procedure/treatment, as well as risks of doing nothing. -
• informed of right to refuse procedure/treatment without discontinuing other supportive care and of their right to withdraw their consent even after procedure has begun.

Question 3

When do you need a signed form?

Answer 3

for ALL routine treatment, hazardous procedures, and some other treatments.

Question 4

Labonte’s Health Promotion

Answer 4

Feeling vitalized and full of energy
Having satisfying social relationships
Having a feeling of control over life
Being able to do things you enjoy
Having a sense of purpose
Feeling connected to community

Question 5

Documents looking @ Prevention

Answer 5

Lalonde Report (1974)
Epp Report (1986)
Toronto Charter (1990s)
Strategies for Population Health (1994)
Ottawa Charter (1996)
Jakarta Declaration (1997)
Bangkok Charter (2005)

Question 6

Levels of disease prevention

Answer 6

Primary - activities protecting from disease (immunization, smoking, air pollution)
Secondary - Screening (BP, breast cancer)
Tertiary - Diagnosis - minimize limitations (Diabetes, Healthy heart program)

Question 7

What is health promotion?

Answer 7

• directed toward increasing level of well-being and self-actualization

Question 8

Ottawa Charter (OC) Health promotion strategies

Answer 8

1) Build healthy public policy ( ppl going through withdrawal @ home, not facility)
2) Create supportive enviro ( Nurses made clients feel safe, support –> didn’t look medical)
3) Strengthen community action (Clients involved in program development)
4) Develop personal skills ( sharing all info with client)
5) Reorient healthcare (community/home-based program)

Question 9

Health Promotion Principles

Answer 9

• addresses health issues in context
• supports holistic approach
• requires long-term perspective
• multi-sectoral
• draws on knowledge from social, economic, political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, + first-hand experiences

Question 10

Levels of Health Care

Answer 10

1) Health Promotion
2) Disease and Injury prevention
3) Diagnosis and treatment
4) Rehabilitation
5) Supportive care

Question 11

Level 1 - Health Promotion

Answer 11

• Wellness services
• Antismoking education
• Promotion of self-esteem in children/ adolescents
• Advocacy for health public policy

Question 12

Level 2: Disease and Injury Prevention

Answer 12

Prevention services/strategies:

• Clinical (screening, immunizing)
• Behavioural (lifestyle change, support groups)
• Environmental (societal pressure for a healthy environment)

Question 13

Level 3: Diagnosis and Treatment

Answer 13

Primary care (1st contact with health care system)
Secondary care (provision of specialized medical service)
Tertiary care (specialized and highly technical care)

Question 14

Level 4: Rehabilitation

Answer 14

After physical/mental illness, injury, or addiction
Services include: 
- Physiotherapy
- Occupational and speech therapy
- Social services

Question 15

Level 5: Supportive Care

Answer 15

• Clients with chronic illness, progressive illness, or disability
• Long-term care and assisted-living facilities, adult day care centres, home care
• respite care and palliative care