Lecture 10 - Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals Flashcards
What are the 4 bioactive categories of functions food types?
1) Carotenoids
2) Fiber
3) Fatty acids
4) Prebiotics & probiotics
What are 3 benefits of carotenoids? Give examples of foods that provide each benefit.
- Antioxidant (ex: carotenes – carrots, sweet potato)
- Vision (ex: lutein – spinach, kale)
- Prostate (ex: lycopene – tomatoes)
What are 2 benefits of fiber? Give food examples of each benefit.
- Cancer (ex: insoluble fiber – wheat bran)
- Heart (ex: insoluble fiber – psyllium and beans; beta-glucan – oats, barley)
What is a benefit from fatty acids? Give food examples for this benefit.
Heart (ex: monounsaturated – olive & canola oil; polyunsaturated – fatty fish, flax)
What is a benefit of prebiotics and probiotics? Give food examples for this benefit.
Digestive health (ex: healthy bacteria – probiotic yogurts; inulin, fructooligosaccharides – soy, artichokes)
What does insoluble fiber promote?
- Intestinal regularity
- Growth of healthy bacteria
What are monounsaturated fatty acids good for in the body?
Nerve development
Describe the difference between prebiotics and probiotics
- Prebiotics – food for healthy bacteria
- Probiotics – good bacteria themselves that are actually added to guy
What are the 4 categories of functional foods? Give food examples of each category
1) Basic food (carrot)
2) Processed food without added ingredients (oat bran cereal)
3) Processed with added ingredients (calcium enriched orange juice)
4) Foods enhanced to have more of a bioactive component (tomatoes with more lycopene)
What are functional foods regulated as under Canada’s Food and Drugs Act and Regulations?
Food
What are 3 options of health claims? Give an example of each
- Biological role (“calcium is a factor in the maintenance of good health”)
- Risk reduction (“calcium may reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis”)
- Structure/function (“calcium helps build strong bones”)
What kind of health claims can functional foods make? Give an example
Generic health claims, as long as it meets the criteria for the claim (product X is low in saturated and trans fats, and a diet low in saturated and trans data may reduce the risk of heart disease)
What type of claims can functional foods NOT make? Give an example
Product-specific health claims (ex: product X may reduce the risk of heart disease)
What is a nutraceutical?
- Bioactive component isolated or purified from foods
- Generally sold in medicinal forms not associated with foods
- Demonstrated to have physiological benefits
How are nutraceuticals regulated?
As natural health products, under the drug category
