Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BPK 205 > lecture 10/11 > Flashcards

lecture 10/11 Flashcards

1
Q

meninges

A
  • are tissue mebranes that lie between bones and soft tissues of the CNS
  • protect and cushion the brain and spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the CNS is made up of

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the 3 tissues that make up the meninges of the brain

A
  1. dura mater
  2. arachnoid membrane (fluid filled)
  3. pia mater (thinest layer)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what fills the subarachnoid space

A

cebrebrolspinal fluid (CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ventricles produce _______ at the ___________

A
  1. cerebrospinal fluid
  2. choroid plexus (meeting of the capillaries and ependymal cells)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of CSF

A

Physical and chemical protection:
- provides buoyancy and absorbs shock, we dont want to much CFS cause pressure will build up
- deliver (nutrients like glucose and oxygen) and remove waste (CO2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

name one major difference between plasma and CSF

A

the lack of protein in CFS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CSF production

A

ependymal cells will selectivly transport solutes (ex. glucose —-> transcellular) and then water follows by osmosis

  • make it at ependymal cells within ventricles that act as border control that regulates what can come in and what cannot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CSF absorption

A

CSF is absorbed from the subarachnoid space into venous circulation by the arachnoid villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the 2 aspects of the blood-brain barrier

A
  • the ependymal cells make up and important part of the BBB where CSF is produced at choroid plexus within the ventircles
  • the astrocyte foot processes secrete paracrine which promote up regulation of tight junctions which causes lining of capillaries to link more tightly —-> no leaks!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

metabolic needs of neurons and glial cells

A
  • oxygen
  • nutrients: glucose or ketone produced by the liver when carbs are low
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how do oxygen and glucose cross the blood-brain barrier?

A

oxygen: diffusion
glucose: transcellular or glucose transporter in ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

white matter

A
  • fats
  • tracts of myelinated axon fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

grey matter

A
  • everything else
  • dendrites, synapses, cell bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

gray matter of the spinal cord

A

dorsal=sensory=afferent (incoming information —> to brain)
ventral=motor=efferent (outgoing information —> info coming from the brain leaving ur spinal cord)

white matter on the outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

white matter i’m the spinal cord

A

ascending tracts: bundles of axons carrying messages from the spinal cord to the brain
descending tracts: bundles of axons carrying messages from the brain to the spinal cord

17
Q

the brain stem

A

consists of the medulla, pons and midbrain

  • evolutionarly speaking its pretty ancient
  • autonomic function: breathing, heartrate and swallowing (medulla and pons)
  • relay station for pathways (pons)
  • auditory pathways and eye movements (midbrain)
18
Q

How many cranial nerves are there

A

12

19
Q

cranial nerves originate from

A

the brainstem

20
Q

basal ganglia

A
  • gray matter
  • important for preventing movement when you do not want to move
  • ensuring movement is smooth
21
Q

name 2 conditions that involve the basal ganglia

A
  1. parkinsons disease
  2. huntingtons disease
22
Q

The cerebral cortex

A
  1. Frontal lobe:
    premotor cortex –> you being you, descision making, writing, smiling or speaking
  2. Parietal lobe:
    sensory cortex: incoming sensory information, what you perceive
  3. Occipital lobe: visual cortex
  4. Temporal lobe: auditory cortex (hearing) and gustatory cortex and olfactory cortex (non-verbal information)
23
Q

Thalamus

A
  • receives sensory and motor information
  • projects fibers to cerebrum for info processing
24
Q

hypothalamus

A

homeostasis and behavior

25
Q

pituitary gland

A

anterior: secretes hormones
posterior: secretes neurohormones that are made in the hypothalamus

26
Q

pineal gland

A

secretes melatonin and regulates sleep cycle

27
Q

centers for emotion, memory and learning

A
  • cingulate gyrus
  • hippocampus ( learning + short term)
  • amygdala (emotion)
28
Q

the limbic system

A
  • lies around brainstem
  • links higher, cognitive regions of the cerbellum to more primitive functions
  • center for emotion, learning and memory
29
Q

The cerebellum

A
  • rate, range, and force
  • overseas a movement and make sure it is executed as intended
  • compares executed to intended
30
Q

wernicke’s area

A

language understanding center (verbal or written)

31
Q

broca’s area

A

responding verbally

32
Q

Damage to Wernicke’s area

A

receptive aphasia
loss of understanding, but expression (without meaning) is maintained

33
Q

Damage to Broca’s area

A

expressive aphasia:
loss of verbalization, but they can understand you perfectly fine

BPK 205 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions