Lecture 1: Unit 1 review of fundamentals and the quantum nature of the atom

Question 1

What is diffraction

Answer 1

An interference of waves

Question 2

What are the characteristics of a wave

Answer 2

Amplitude

Frequency

Wavelength

Question 3

Amplitude

Answer 3

Energy intensity of light

Question 4

What is needed to eject and electron from a metal?

Answer 4

Minimum frequency of light

Question 5

Above this minimum frequency what does the kinetic energy of and electron increase with?

Answer 5

Light frequency

Question 6

Above this minimum frequency, how does increase light intensity affect and electron?

Answer 6

Affects the number of removed electrons but not the kinetic energy

Question 7

Matter

Answer 7

Particulate character

Question 8

What happens to particles during the double split experiment

Answer 8

Formed two waves

Question 9

What happened to waves during the double split experiment

Answer 9

They diffracted

Question 10

What happened to electron during the double split experiment?

Answer 10

They diffracted

Question 11

What causes atoms to emit light?

Answer 11

Passage of electrons through gas

Question 12

Wave particle duality

Answer 12

Waves exhibit particle like properties and particles exhibit wave like properties

Question 13

What characteristics does matter have?

Answer 13

Wave and particle characteristics

Question 14

What is the wave equation and what is it used for?

Answer 14

H¥=E¥

Mathematical function describing the shape of a wave

Question 15

What are the quantum numbers of atomic orbitals?

Answer 15

Principle quantum number n

Angular quantum number l

Magnetic quantum number ml

Spin quantum number ms

Question 16

equation to calculate energy release (rydbergs equation)

Answer 16

dealtaE==-2.178times 10^-18(1/nf^2-1/ni2)Z^2

Question 17

how do you calculate wavelength given two orbital numbers?

Answer 17

1. find the change in energy using rydbergs constant
2. use the wavelength equation

Question 18

what is the wavelength equation? what is the value of h? What is the value of c?

Answer 18

E=hc/lambda

h=6.626times 10^-34

c(speed go light)=3 times 10^8

Question 19

how can discrete emission lines be explained?

Answer 19

by applying quantum theory to the energy levels

Question 20

pauli exclussion principle

Answer 20

no two electrons in an atom can have the exact same four quantum numbers

Question 21

effective nuclear charge

Answer 21

the nuclear charge felt by an electron

Question 22

two factors that determine an atoms energy?

Answer 22

1. electron nucleus attraction
2. electron electron repulsion

Question 23

explain the shielding effect of electrons

Answer 23

electrons further from the nucleus are shielded from the nuclear charge by electrons closer to the nucleus

Question 24

which state of an electron is most stable

Answer 24

the ground state

Question 25

Aufbau rule

Answer 25

electrons start filling lower energy levels first

Question 26

hunds rule

Answer 26

if two or more degenerate orbitals are available, one electron goes into each until they are all half-full. All electrons in half-filled orbitals have the same spin quantum number

Question 27

what is the trend of atomic size decreasing

Answer 27

left to right

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