lecture 1: the changing landscape

Question 1

the quality of
being spoken or
verbally communicated

Answer 1

Orality

Question 2

the ability to
read and write

Answer 2

Literacy

Question 3

Orality informs

Answer 3

literacy, and vice versa

Question 4

Human society first formed itself with the aid of

Answer 4

oral speech

Question 5

has been in existence for between 30,000 and 50,000 years

Answer 5

Homo Sapiens

Question 6

Homosapiens has been in existence for between

Answer 6

30,000 and 50,000

Question 7

The earliest scrips date from only

Answer 7

6,000

Question 8

Culture with no knowledge whatsoever of writing or even of the possibility of
writing (i.e. literacy

Answer 8

primary oral culture

Question 9

Before sophisticated forms of organizing knowledge, our ancestors relied on

Answer 9

storytelling

Question 10

became more and more
sophisticated with the introduction of tools

Answer 10

technologizing the word

Question 11

result of when remained in some cultures and societies
despite the emergence of literacy

Answer 11

polarities: oral vs literate cultures

Question 12

progressed from oral cultures towards literacy when
words became technologized.

Answer 12

storytelling

Question 13

Storytelling progressed from oral cultures towards literacy when

Answer 13

words became technologized

Question 14

(pen/paper, moveable printers, video camera

Answer 14

tools of inscription

Question 15

enabled storytellers to disseminate stories widely.

Answer 15

tools of inscription

Question 16

learned behavior of members of a particular social group

Answer 16

culture

Question 17

can be contested, and as such, can unite or divide a
community

Answer 17

culture

Question 18

underpinned by language as an instrument for the
collection and distribution of knowledge

Answer 18

culture

Question 19

cannot exist in the absence of communication

Answer 19

culture

Question 20

power can shift from those who can share their
stories to a larger group through

Answer 20

mass media

Question 21

Any form of mass communication available before the advent of
digital media; offline media

Answer 21

traditional media

Question 22

television, radio, newspapers, books, and magazines

Answer 22

traditional media

Question 23

Technology which is intended to communicate or reach a mass audience

Answer 23

mass media

Question 24

primary means of communication for the
general public to communicate with each other as well as on a grander
level.

Answer 24

mass media

Question 25

coming together of telecommunications, computing, and broadcasting into a single
digital bit-stream (Collins, 1998) (Gate, 2000) (e.g. accessing multimedia content
through smartphones, tablets

Answer 25

media convergence

Question 26

phenomenon involving the interconnection of information and communication
technologies, computer networks, and media content

Answer 26

media convergence

Question 27

direct consequence of the digitization of media content and the popularity of the
internet

Answer 27

media convergence

Question 28

Anyone can create content that can be consumed by others.

Answer 28

media in social networks

Question 29

The cost of creating content is

Answer 29

cheap

Question 30

Has the biggest reach in a global landscape.

Answer 30

media in social networks

Question 31

democratized especially to audience access

Answer 31

media in social network

Question 32

The advent of digital media has made it possible for ordinary individuals to
disseminate their own stories, thus creating

Answer 32

counterculture ls

Question 33

are continually
informed by the present versions
of the same cultural work (and
vv), not as a matter of influence
but as a continuous dialogue
that oscillates both ways.”

Answer 33

past cultural works