Lecture 1: Skull Flashcards
Name all of the bones in the skull
- Frontal bone
- Temporal bone
- Parietal bone
- Zygomatic bone
- Occipital bone
- Sphenoid bone
- Nasal bone
- Ethmoid bone
- Maxilla
- Mandible
- Vomer
What is this?
Anterior Fontanelle
Found in new-borns
There is a membrane sitting there
The largest fontanelle found at the junction of the sagittal suture, coronal suture, and frontal suture;
(There is also lateral and posterior fontanelle- lateral closes first)
Name the parts of this skull (8)
1) Frontal bone
2) Parietal bone (x2)
3) Occipital bone
4) Coronal suture
5) Lambdoid suture
6) Saggital suture
7) Bregma
8) Lmabda
What is the name of the case where there is a delay in closing of the anterior fontanelle
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Name the parts of the posterior skull
1) Sutural bone
2) Parietal bone
3) Squamous part of the occipital bone
4) Lamboid suture
5) Occipitomastoid suture
6) Saggital suture
7) Inion
8) Sueprior Nuchal line
9) Inferior nuchal line
10) External occiciptal crest
11) Mastoid process
12) Styloid process
Whe the anterior fontanelle closes, it forms the _____
Bregma
What is the name of the case (not disorder) where the posterior fontanelle closes early
Craniosynostosis
What bones make up the Anterior of the Skull?
1) Frontal bone
2) Zygomatic
3) Maxilla
4) Nasal bone
5) Mandible
Label
1) Frontal bone
2) Maxilla
3) Zygomatic
4) Nasal bone
5) Mandible
Label
1) Frontal bone
2) Parietal bone
3) Temporal bone
4) Occipital bone
5) Zygomatic bone
6) Sphenoid
7) Maxilla
8) Nasal bone
9) Mandible
Label
Mastoid process
Where is the mastoid process?
In the temporal bone
Where is the weakest point of the skull?
What is its clinical significance?
Pterion
Where lots of different bones come together
(anterior part of the) Middle menangial artery runs just behind here
Describe the Surface anatomy of the pterion
____See next lecture_____
What are fontanelles?
A fontanelle is an anatomical feature of infant human skull comprising any of the soft membranous gaps/sutures between cranial bones. It should close at the right time (not earlier or later).
- Anterior fontanel: Not fully ossified, membrane exists. Close ~18 months becomes bregma
- Posterior fontanel: Close at ~9months becomes lambda
- Lateral fontanel
Coronal suture: groove for __________ artery.
Sagittal suture: groove for ________ artery.
Coronal suture: groove for anterior branch of middle meningeal artery.
Sagittal suture: groove for middle meningeal artery.
What happens if the pterion is damaged?
Damage the anterior branch of the Middle Meningial artery
Extradural haemorrhage
The intracranial fossa is divided into…….
1) Anterior fossa
2) Middle fossa
3) Posterior fossa
Name the important foramen in the intracranium (Superior)
What is Cleidocranial Dysplasia?
- Cleidocranial Dysplasia s a birth defect that mostly affects the bones and teeth.[1]
- The collarbones are typically either poorly developed or absent, which allows the shoulders to be brought close together.[1]
- The front of the skull often does not close until later, and those affected are often shorter than average.[1]
- Other symptoms may include a prominent forehead, wide set eyes, abnormal teeth, and a flat nose.[1]
- Symptoms vary among people; however, intelligence is typically normal.[1]
delayed closure of anterior fontanelle