lecture 1 : self awareness

Question 1

What did tajfel and turner (1979) focus on?

Answer 1

Social and Personal Identity

Question 2

What did brewer and Gardner look at (1996) look at ?

Answer 2

The three types of self

Question 3

What is the three types of self?

Answer 3

Individual
Relational
Collective

Question 4

What is individual?

Answer 4

Personal traits that distinguish you from others ( friendly)

Question 5

What is relational ?

Answer 5

Dyadic relationships that assimilate you to others (mum)

Question 6

What is collective?

Answer 6

Group membership (academic)

Question 7

What is self awareness?

Answer 7

A psychological state that looks at traits, feelings and behaviour and is a reflexive thought fundamental part of human beings

Question 8

Who invented the mirror test?

Answer 8

Gallup 1970

Question 9

What did carver and scheir 1981 believe about types of self ?

Answer 9

Private (thoughts, feelings and attitudes) and Public (social image)

Question 10

What is the public self?

Answer 10

This is where you can be seen and evaluated by others where they evaluate apprehension, enjoy success and adhere to social standards of behaviour

Question 11

What is chronic self awareness?

Answer 11

This is where you are constantly aware of shortcomings and have avoidance behaviour such as drinking or drugs

Question 12

What is reduced self awareness?

Answer 12

deindividuation where they do not monitor behavior

Question 13

What is heightened private for chronically aware self conscious?

Answer 13

• more intense emotion
• accurate self perception
• adhere to personal beliefs
  + less stress related illness
• depression and neuroticism

Question 14

What is heightened public for chronically aware self conscious ?

Answer 14

• focus on perception of others
• nervousness
• loss of self esteem
• adhere to group norms
• concern with physical appearance both self and others

Question 15

what is self knowledge?

Answer 15

This is where you have self schemas that look at how you act, think, behave, feel and are important part of self concept

Question 16

What is the control theory of self regulation? (Carver and Schemer 1981)

Answer 16

Self awareness : Assess whether goals have been met
- private and public standard

Question 17

What is the self discrepancy theory (Higgins 1987)

Answer 17

Actual (present)
Ideal (like to be)
Ought (should be)
Actual - ideal : dejection
Actual - ought : agitation

Question 18

What is the social comparison theory? (Festinger 1954)

Answer 18

Objective benchmark in similar people whereas performance is generally a downward comparison but also upwards in some situations

Question 19

What is the self evaluation maintenance (Tesster 1988) ?

Answer 19

Upward social comparison
1. Exaggerate targets ability
2. Change target
3. Distance self from target
4. Devalue comparison dimension

Question 20

What is the social identity theory? (Tajfel and turner 1979)

Answer 20

• Personal identity : unique personal attributes, relationships and traits
• Social identity : defines self by group membership –> associated with inter group behaviour / group norms

Question 21

What is the self categorisation theory? (turner et al 1987)

Answer 21

self categorisation to groups –> internalise group attitudes –> collective self

meta contract principle

birging - basking in reflected glory

if group categorisation too salient perception of self and others become depersonalised

Question 22

what are the 3 self motives?

Answer 22

1. self assessment - desire truth about self
2. self verification - desire to confirm what they know
3. self enhancement - desire to maintain good image through self affirmation theory

Question 23

what is self awareness in an individualistic culture?

Answer 23

• autonomous
• focus on internal feelings
• unitary and stable
• acting true to internal beliefs and feelings