lecture 1 philosophy ideology and theory Flashcards
What is the definition of Philosophy according to Guteck (2009)?
Philosophy is the human beings attempt to think speculatively, reflectively and systematically about the universe and the human relationship to that universe, it is a system of values and beliefs.
How does Ideology differ from Philosophy?
Ideology is action-oriented rather than theoretical, guiding groups or individuals in carrying out policies.
What does Theory explain?
Theory explains facts that have already been tested and provides accuracy, allowing predictions about future outcomes.
List the four subdivisions of Philosophy.
- Metaphysics
- Epistemology
- Axiology
- Logic
What is the focus of Ideology in contrast to Philosophy?
Ideology tackles specific political and social issues rather than general questions like ‘what is real?’
What does Axiology examine?
Axiology examines what is right and wrong; good and evil.
How do Ideologies function in terms of social goals?
Ideologies embrace theories of social change, serving as instruments for achieving a desired social goal or a new social order.
What type of reasoning is Logic associated with?
Logic can either be deductive or inductive.
What is the difference between Deductive and Inductive reasoning?
- Deductive: from general to specific
- Inductive: from specific to general
True or False: Theory is action-oriented.
False
In what context are theories used in education?
Theories are used among teachers to see what works in accomplishing curriculum goals.
What is a key difference between Theory and Ideology?
Theory can be theoretical while Ideology is action-oriented.
Fill in the blank: Theory can also be defined as a set of principles or ideas resulting from a _______.
[larger body of thought]
What is a characteristic of Ideology and Theory in groups?
Both are used in groups, although self-theorizing can occur.
Which area of Philosophy is mentioned as not being a main concern in Theory?
Metaphysics
What do teachers not typically ask in Theory regarding their practice?
Teachers do not ask what is real.
According to Guteck (2009), how are Theory and Ideology related?
In theory and ideology, groups may use past theories to test new ones.
