Lecture 1, Overview

Question 1

What CD marker(s) are granulocytes positive for?

Answer 1

CD15

Question 2

What CD marker(s) are monocytes positive for?

Answer 2

CD14

Question 3

What CD marker(s) are DCs positive for?

Answer 3

CD11c

Question 4

What CD marker(s) are all T lymphocytes positive for?

Answer 4

CD3

Question 5

What CD marker(s) are T helper lymphocytes positive for?

Answer 5

CD3, *CD4

Question 6

What CD marker(s) are T cytotoxic lymphocytes positive for?

Answer 6

CD3, *CD8

Question 7

What CD marker(s) are B lymphocytes positive for?

Answer 7

CD19

Question 8

What CD marker(s) are natural killer cells positive for?

Answer 8

CD56

Question 9

What proportion of each of the 5 major WBC classes are found in the blood, in order?

Answer 9

1. Neutrophils (40-75%)
2. Lymphocytes (20-50%)
3. Monocytes (2-10%)
4. Eosinophils (1-6%)
5. Basophils (less than 1%)

Question 10

Blood-born antigens are captured by APCs in the ________ (organ).

Answer 10

spleen

Question 11

Antigens in epithelia and CT are collected in the ________ (area).

Answer 11

lymph nodes

Question 12

Distinguish the different classes of MHC.

Answer 12

Class I is all nucleated cells and is A, B, C
- Self
Class II is DP, DQ, DR
- Non-self

Question 13

Differentiate, generally, bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

Answer 13

Bacteria – microorganisms in the environment. Grow rapidly and compete with our cells for nutrients.

Fungi – organisms like mold and yeast. Invade tissues.

Viruses – proteins and nucleic acid. Take over cells and generate their own genetic instructions.

Question 14

Define antigen.

Answer 14

Antibody generators: Molecules which stimulate production of and bind specifically to an AB and/or elicit an immune response

Question 15

What generally happens during a humoral response?

Answer 15

ABs are produced by Ig-secreting B cells (plasma cells)

- Directed against cell associated and free floating antigens, i.e., bacteria, proteins, etc

Question 16

What generally happens during a cell-mediated response?

Answer 16

Killing of cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and/or production of cytokines by other T cells
- Directed against infected/defective cells, non-self cells

Question 17

During a humoral response, what 2 places would you find B cells? (Think I meant ABs)

Answer 17

In extracellular fluids (blood plasma, lymph, mucus, etc.) and *on the surface of B cells.

Question 18

Difference b/w active and passive immunity?

Answer 18

• In active, you mount your own immune response (natural exposure or artificial injection of antigen).
• In passive, you borrow outside ABs (e.g. mother’s during birth, naturally, or giving serum ABs artificially)

Question 19

4 types of immune disorders?

Answer 19

• Immune deficiency (genetic)
• HIV/AIDS
• Cancer (must be immuno-compromised)
• Autoimmune disorders

Question 20

In the LN, where are the B cells primarily located?

Answer 20

Cortex/follicle

Question 21

In the LN, where are ABs produced by B cells s/p Ag stimulation?

Answer 21

Germinal centers

Question 22

In the LN, where are the T cells primarily located?

Answer 22

Paracortex

Question 23

In the LN, where are most of the macrophages primarily located?

Answer 23

Medulla