Lecture 1: Organization of the Human Body Flashcards
Define Anatomy
Study of external + internal structures of the human body
the physical relationships between body parts
How is anatomy observed?
using dissection + imaging to describe accurately w/ details
Define Physiology
study of functions of body parts
How is physiology observed?
observation techniques, conducting experiments, using complex laboratory equipment
What are the levels of organization from smallest to largest, give an example for each
chemical- atoms + molecules cellular- smooth muscle cell tissue - smooth muscle tissue organ - stomach system - digestive organismal - all systems : a HUMAN
What are the eleven systems in the human body?
integumentary skeletal muscular cardiovascular lymphatic respiratory digestive reproductive nervous urinary endocrine
What differentiates a living thing from a non-living thing?
living organisms carry out life processes
What are the life processes?
metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, reproduction
bonus: respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion
What are the phases of metabolism?
Define them.
catabolism: breaking down of large complex molecules into small simple ones
anabolism: combining simple molecules to form large molecules
they are in a constant cycle
Responsiveness
body’s ability to detect + react to external/internal environmental changes
Movement
motion of body, body parts, organs, cells, cellular structures
Growth
increase in size keeping original shape
Reproduction
Formation of new cells OR new organism
Define homeostasis
maintenance of body’s internal environment within certain physiological limits
depends on precise regulation of composition of body fluids inside/outside cell
What happens when homeostasis is disturbed?
illness may occur
if fluid are not brought back death may occur
