Lecture 1 Olympics Flashcards
Digoxin is available in 0.125-mg tablet form. Convert this dose to microgram strength. (do not round)
125
A patient tells the nurse that the oral drug that has been prescribed has caused a lot of stomach discomfort in the past. What will the nurse ask the prescriber?
Whether an enteric-coated form of the drug is available.
What are the possible responses a patient can have to a drug’s actions?
- Adverse effects
- Side effects
- Desired action
Which medication order requires nursing judgement and means “administer if needed”?
Morphine 4mg IV every 4 hours PRN
The patient is receiving two different drugs. At current dosages and dosage forms, both drugs have the same concentration of the active ingredient. Which term is used to identify this principle?
Bioequivalent
A drug dose that delivers 800 mg has a half life of 5 hours. Identify how much drug will remain in the body after one half-life.
400 mg
The nurse has determined that the pain medication given to a patient an hour ago has been effective. The nurse is using which step of the nursing process?
Evaluation
Which factors in a patient would influence GI absorption of medications?
- Blood flow to gastric mucosa
- Stomach pH
Meperidine (Demerol) is a narcotic with a high potential for physical and psychological dependency. Under which classification does this drug fall?
II
What is the nurse’s primary source of information when obtaining a patients history?
The patient
A patient receives a drug that had a narrow therapeutic range. The nurse administering this medication will expect to do what?
Monitor plasma drug levels
Which factors affects drug actions?
- Age
- Body weight
- Metabolic rate
- Illness
What is the difference between the generic and the trade names od drugs?
The trade name is the one that is registered to a specific drug manufacturer.
Which lab tests would be used to assess lover and/or renal function before administering medications?
- ALT
- CRs
- BUN
- LDH
Which statement about variables that influence drug action is/ are true?
- Body weight can effect the therapeutic response of a medication.
- Chronic smokers may metabolize drugs more rapidly that nonsmokers.
- A patients attitude and expectations affect the response to medication.
Which action will the nurse take if a dosage is unclear on a health care providers order?
Contact the health care provider to verify the correct dosage.
Which drug route would you expect to be most rapidly absorbed?
Intravenous Injection
What is the process by which a drug is transported by circulation body fluids to receptor sites?
Distribution
The medication order reads, “Give ondansetron (Zophran) 4 mg, 30 mins before beginning chemotherapy to prevent nausea.” The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order. What is the nurses best action?
Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.
The patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where does the nurse instruct the patient to place the tablet?
Under the tongue
A patient has been receiving intravenous penicillin for pneumonia for several days and begins to complain of generalized itching. The nurse auscultates bilateral wheezing and notes a temperature of 38.5 C (101 F). Which is the correct action by the nurse?
Hold the next dose and notify the prescriber of the symptoms
A provider had written an order for a medication: drug x 100 mg PO every 6 hours. The half-life for the drug is approximately 6 hours. The nurse is preparing to administer the first dose at 0800 AM on Tuesday. On Wednesday, when will the serum drug level reach plateau?
0800 AM
A patient claims to get better effects with a tablet of Brand X of a drug than with a tablet of Brand Y of the same drug. Both brands contain the same amount of the active ingredient. What does the nurse know to be most likely?
Tablets can differ in composition and can have differing rates of disintegration and dissolution, which can alter the drugs effects in the body.
The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drug ordered?
Levothyroxine 0.75 mg
When teaching a patient about a new drug that has been prescribed, the patient asks you to explain the difference between a side effect and adverse reaction. What is your best response?
Side effects are mild, and adverse effects are severe
The nurse transcribes an order to administer Valium 10 mg IV stat. This order is correctly interpreted by the nurse to mean it should be provided how?
- Immediately
- One time only
- Intravenously
The nurse is teaching an elderly patient with difficulty swallowing about his medications. Which explanation by the nurse is most helpful?
“Tablets that are scored can be broken in half.”
The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral drugs?
Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect
Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur?
On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
When taking a telephone order for a medication, which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Repeat the order to the prescriber before hanging up the telephone
Which statement is true about over the counter (OTC) drugs?
They are sold without prescription
Which of the following nursing actions is an example of evaluating patient responses to drug therapy?
Taking the temperature of a patient an hour after giving an antipyretic
After giving instructions to an expectant mother about taking medications during pregnancy, which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching?
“I will limit my alcohol intake to only one glass of wine weekly.”
You give a patient mg of an oral drug at noon. This drug has half-life of 2 h. At what time will 100 mg remain?
0400 pm
The nurse will be injecting a drug into the superficial skin layers immediately underneath the epidermal layer of the skin. Which route does this describe?
Intradermal
What is the process by which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?
Diffusion