Lecture 1 - Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Question 1

___________ are the subunits of DNA and RNA and are composed of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous base.

Answer 1

Nucleotides

Question 2

RNA and _____ nucleotides differ in that the 2’ position of the RNA nucleotide has a hydroxyl group.

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

RNA and DNA nucleotides are derived from the ____versions that are the precursors for nucleic acid synthesis.

Answer 3

Tri-phosphate

Question 4

RNA and DNA polymers have _____due to the asymmetry of the phosphodiester linkage between the nucleotide subunits.

Answer 4

Polarity

Question 5

Double-stranded RNA or DNA or RNA-DNA hybrids have ______ strands.

Answer 5

Anti parallel

Question 6

The double-stranded nucleic acid has about 10 base pairs per _______in the relaxed (lowest potential energy) state.

Answer 6

Turn

Question 7

Extensive secondary and tertiary structure is generated in single-stranded nucleic acids by intra-molecular ______ pairing.

Answer 7

Base

Question 8

Nucleic acids are always synthesized by adding a nucleotide to a group of the previous nucleotide, with the exception of the initial nucleotide of a molecule, which begins the RNA molecule without a primer.

Answer 8

free 3’ hydroxyl

RNA

Question 9

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows the ____________ in vitro of a specific section of DNA located in between two synthetic ________ that form WC base pairs with the DNA to be amplified

Answer 9

Amplification

Primers