LECTURE 1: Nomenclature of Human Teeth Flashcards
Define Dental arch.
Teeth, gingiva, and associated bone
Maxillary arch
The upper arch including the associated teeth
Mandibular arch
The lower arch and associated teeth
Does the mandible or maxillary move?
Mandible
What joint does the mandible rotate and translate around?
TMJ
How many permanent teeth?
32
How many incisors on each arch? And total?
4 each arch, 8 total
How many canines on each arch? And total?
2 canines on each arch, 4 total
How many premolars on each arch? And total?
4 premolars on each arch, 8 total?
How many molars on each arch? and total?
6 molars total, and 12 total
Describe the Permanent Dental Formula.
The notation system which describes the number and order of permanent teeth.
Does the permanent dental formula describe each arch separately or half of the mouth (half of each arch on the same side)?
Half of the mouth (half of each arch on each side)
Each arch is divided in half at the __________. Each half arch is consider a ____________.
Each arch is divided in half at the arch Each half arch is consider a quadrant.
Which teeth are considered our anterior teeth? Include how many of each type.
Incisors - 8, canines - 4
Which teeth are considered our posterior teeth? Include how many of each type.
Premolars - 8, molars - 12
How many deciduous or primary teeth? Describe the amount of each type of tooth in each arch.
20 deciduous teeth.
10 per arch: 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 molars.
What type of teeth are missing from deciduous teeth?
Pre molars
What substance cover the crown?
Enamel
Describe the crown of a tooth.
The upper part of the to other, typically visible in the mouth and covered by enamel
What substance covers the root(s) of teeth?
Cementum
Can teeth have multiple roots?
Yes, one or more.
What is enamel?
The dense hydroxyapatite surface of the crown
What is dentin?
The inner hard layer of the crown and root
What is pulp
The vascular innervated portion of the tooth
What is cementum
The outer layer of the root surface
What is DEJ abbreviated for?
Dentoenamel junction
What is the DentoEnamel Junction
The junction of enamel and dent ion layers, they meet internally.
CEJ stands for
CementoEnamel Junction
What is the CementoEnamel Junction
The junction of enamel and cementum layer
What is another name for the CementoEnamel Junction
Cervical line
What is the cervical line
Junction of the anatomical crown and root
What is considered the clinical crown
The portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth
What is considered the anatomical crown
The crown above the CEJ
Can the anatomical and clinical crown be the exact same? Can the be different? Explain.
Yes, they can be the same. They can also bee different is there’s gingival overgrowth or gingival recession.
If there’s gingival overgrowth, will the clinical or anatomical crown be closer to the occlusal surface of a molar?
Clinical crown will be closer to occlusal surface
If there’s gingival recession, will the clinical or anatomical crown be closer to the occlusal surface of a molar?
Anatomical crown will be closer to occlusal surface
Provide two additional terms for facial
Buccal/labial
Provide another word for lingual
Palatal
What does facial reference?
The outer most surface toward cheek or lips
What does lingual reference?
Inner most surface toward the tongue or palate
What does mesial reference?
Toward the the median line
What does distal reference?
Away from the median line
What does incisal reference?
The biting or insisting edge of anterior teeth
What does occlusal reference?
The biting or chewing surface of posterior teeth
What teeth would you locate an incisal edge?
Incisors and canines
On what teeth would you find occlusal surfaces?
Premolars and molars
What is a cusp
They are elevations or projection on a crown.
What is a fossa
A depression or con cavity between cusps or ridges
What is a ridge
A linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location
What is the Cingulum
The lingual crown projection on anterior teeth
What is a groove
The line between the primary parts of a crown or root
What is a pit
A pinpoint depression at the junction or termination of a groove.
What is a lobe
Primary center of development within a tooth
What are mamelon
They are round projections of enamel on newly erupted teeth. They are incisal remnants of incisor development
What is furcation
Where the root divides
What is the root apex
The opening in the root for entrance of pulp
What re the 3 parts of the pulp?
Pulp chamber, pulp horn, pulp canal
What is pulp
The vascular innervated portion of the tooth
What is the pulp chamber
The chamber containing the dental pulp
What is the pulp horn
The highest projection of pulp chamber within the crown
What is the pulp canal
The inner portion oof the root containing the dental pulp
What is periodontium
The tissues that surround the teeth
What is does periodontium include
Gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament
What do gums or gingiva cover?
They cover the bone and surrounds the cervical portions of teeth
What 3 sections are the gums divided into
Free gingiva, attached gingiva, interdental papilla
What is the alveolar mucosa and what color is it typically
The loose attachment to the underlying bone, dark red
What is the mucogingival junction
The junction of the alveolar mucosa and gingiva
Describe free gingiva
Closer to the tooth crown, not attached to the bone
Describe the free gingival groove
It separates attached gingiva from free gingiva
Describe interdental papilla (or gingival papilla)
The triangular shaped gingiva that occupies the gingival embrasure
Describe the gingival sulcus
It’s not seen visually, but can be evaluated with a periodontal probe.
What is the space between tooth surface and narrow cervical collar of free gingiva
Gingival sulcus
Describe periodontal ligament (PDL)
Surrounds tooth root and attached tooth to alveolar bone (periodontal fibers)
Describe alveolar bone
Forms and supports tooth sockets, also known as alveolar process
