Lecture 1: IT and Medical Informatics Flashcards
Passive vs Active Health IT
- Passive: Information storage
- Active: patient reminders, prescribing alerts, etc.
3 Categories of Health IT
- Administrative & Financial
- Clinical Systems
- Infrastructure
Define interoperability
Extent to which systems and devices can exchange data and interpret shared data
What are the 3 levels of health IT interoperability?
- Foundational: allows data exchange (no interpretation)
- Structural: Intermediate, meaning of data remains
- Semantic: exchange, interpret, and use
Categories within an EHR
- Patient demographics
- Contact info
- Communication
- Patient encounters
- Diagnostic testing
- Advance Directives
Who is EMR for?
Clinicians
What is an EHR?
- All components of an EMR + overall health information.
- Designed to follow patient from practice to practice
What is in CPOE?
- Electronic medication administration record (MAR)
- Clinical decision support
- The ability to write a full range of orders
How has CPOE changed healthcare?
- Minor improvement in actual patient care
- Increased overall time to enter orders
- Requires time and change in mindset to implement
- Does not catch all errors
What is a CDSS (Clinical decision support system) supposed to do?
Providing knowledge-specific and person-specific information to enhance clinical decision making and provision of healthcare.
What is PACS and the advantages?
- Picture archiving/communication system
- Improved organization
- Improved accessibility
- Improved viewing
Radiologic film with digital image storage and transmission.
What are the disadvantages of PACS?
- Significant cost to implement and maintain
- System-wide failure could be detrimental or catastrophic
- Files can still be corrupted or lost
- Training and understanding use
What does barcoding NOT stop?
- Ordering incorrect interventions
- Performing incorrect tests
- Administering incorrect treatments
Two types of RFID
- Active: battery powered
- Passive: Reader is battery powered
What is the purpose of RFID?
- Tracking pts for anti-elopement
- Out of bed detection or fall detection
- Tracking inventory
Concern with RFID
Potential for interference with PPMs or ICDs
What are the advantages of an automated medication dispensing machine?
Pyxis
- Increased security
- Increased patient safety
- Increased access to medications
What are the disadvantages to an automated medication dispensing machine?
- Errors still possible
- Is the reduction actually due to the pyxis?
- Cost of implementation, training, and maintenance
What does electronic materials management minimize?
- False charges
- Waste of material
- Delays in care due to lack of material
- Incorrect ordering
Define Distant/hub site, ongoing/spoke site, and asynchronous in terms of telemedicine.
- Distant/hub site: Where the provider is located
- Ongoing/spoke site: location of patient
- Asynchronous: data recorded/stored, then sent to a diff site
