Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal/Urology > Lecture 1 - Introduction, Gross Anatomy and Histology > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Introduction, Gross Anatomy and Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anatomical components of the urinary system?

A

Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the functions of the urinary system?

A

Remove metabolic waste in blood
Regulate plasma electrolytes and BP
Stabilises pH
Reabsorbs small molecules (e.g. amino acids, glucose, peptides)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What hormone do the kidneys produce?

A

EPO (erythropoietin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of EPO?

A

Stimulate RBC production by the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the urinary system remove metabolic waste from blood?

A

Via filtration and excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does the urinary system maintain BP and plasma electrolyte concentrations?

A

RAAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Are the kidneys retroperitoneal or peritoneal?

A

Retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

At what vertebral level do the kidneys sit?

A

T12-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the right and left kidney is lower?

A

Right is lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the layers of the kidney capsule and fascia surrounding it?

A

Kidneys –> renal capsule –> perienal fat –> renal fascia –> pararenal fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is the first constriction of the ureter?

A

As it passes over the inferior kidney pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the second constriction of the ureter?

A

As it passes over the external iliac vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the third constriction of the ureter?

A

As it tranverses the bladder wall (intramural ureter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structures leave the renal hilum (in order from anterior to posterior)?

A

VAP:
Vein
Artery
Pelvis (renal pelvis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What artery are the renal arteries branches of?

A

Abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the branches of the renal arteries?

A

Segmental branches (x5) –> interlobular –> arcuate branches (pass around circumference) –> interlobular branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do the interlobular arterioles supply?

A

Each nephron

18
Q

Where do the renal veins drain?

A

Into the IVC

19
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the kidneys?

A

Lateral aortic LNs

20
Q

What is the sympathetic supply to the kidneys?

A

T10-L1

21
Q

What is the sensory afferent supply to the kidneys?

A

T11-L2

22
Q

What are the different parts of the male urethra called?

A

Intramural
Prostatic
Intermediate (membranous)
Spongy (penile)

23
Q

What is the sympathetic supply to the detrusor?

A

T10-L2

24
Q

What is the parasympathetic supply to the bladder?

A

S2-4

25
Q

Which of the urethral sphincters is voluntary?

A

External

26
Q

What nerve roots control the external sphincter (somatic nerves as they it is voluntary control)?

A

S2-4

27
Q

Which part of the ANS contracts the detrusor during micturition?

A

Parasympathetic

28
Q

Which part of the ANS contracts the internal urethral sphincter during ejaculation?

A

Sympathetic

29
Q

What is the narrowest part of the male urethra?

A

Membranous

30
Q

The transpyloric plane passes through which vertebral level?

A

L1

31
Q

What is a nepgron?

A

Renal corpuscles + renal tubules

32
Q

What is the renal corpuscle?

A

Glomerulus + bowmen’s capsule

33
Q

What is a uniferous tubule?

A

Nephron + collecting duct

34
Q

What do you see on the histology of the kidney cortex?

A

Renal corpuscles
Proximal convoluted tubules
Distal convoluted tubules
Collecting tubules

35
Q

What do you see on the histology of the kidney medulla?

A

Proximal convoluted tubules
Distal convoluted tubules
Loop of Henle
Collecting tubule

36
Q

What kind of epithelium lines the ureters?

A

Transitional epithelium

37
Q

Describe the appearance of the lumen of the ureter?

A

Star shaped lumen

38
Q

How many layers of muscle are there in the ureters?

A

Inner longitudinal smooth muscle

Outer circular smooth muscle

39
Q

What kind of epithelium lines the bladder?

A

Transitional epithelium

40
Q

What are the layers of the bladder?

A

Epithelium
Inner longitudinal smooth muscle
Middle circular smooth muscle
Outer longitudinal smooth muscle

Renal/Urology (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions