Lecture 1: Introduction

Question 1

What are the 4 parts of the nervous system?

Answer 1

1) the brain
2) the spinal cord
3) peripheral neurons
4) receptor and effector cells

Question 2

Which parts of the nervous system are in the central nervous system

Answer 2

1) the brain
2) the spinal cord
3) peripheral neurons

Question 3

The nervous system(s) allow us to ______ with the _____

Answer 3

Interact

World

Question 4

The sensory or _______ cells allow us to:

Answer 4

Receptor

Perceive external stimuli

Question 5

The motor or _______ cells allow us to:

Answer 5

Effector

Manipulate the external world

Question 6

Practically every complaint/problem in speech, language, and hearing can be summarized as what?

Answer 6

Trouble communicating

Question 7

What does the nervous system control? And give 5 specific areas

Answer 7

• everything!
  1) basic survival functions
  2) communication (all forms)
  3) emotions/personality
  4) cognition
  5) reactions to environmental stimuli

Question 8

What are the 3 levels of the hierarchy of studying the NS?

Answer 8

1) anatomy
2) physiology
3) behavior

Question 9

The structures and where they are located is called:

Answer 9

Anatomy

Question 10

How the structures operate is called:

Answer 10

Physiology

Question 11

The exhibited result of the actions of the structures is called:

Answer 11

Behavior

Question 12

A lot of testing for SLH is _________ and is used to _____ information about ________ and ________

Answer 12

Behavioral
Infer
Anatomy and physiology

Question 13

Superior

Answer 13

Vertically above another structure

Question 14

Inferior

Answer 14

Vertically below another structure

Question 15

Anterior

Answer 15

Front side

Question 16

Posterior

Answer 16

Back side

Question 17

Dorsal

Answer 17

Spine side

Question 18

Ventral

Answer 18

Belly side

Question 19

From the human body, brain, and a horse, which have dorsal/posterior and ventral/anterior on the same side and which are not?

Answer 19

Same: human body
Different: horse, brain

Question 20

Rostral

Answer 20

Toward the nose or beak

Question 21

Caudal

Answer 21

Toward the tail

Question 22

From the human body, brain, and a horse, which have rostral/anterior and caudal/posterior on the same side and which are different?

Answer 22

Same: brain, horse
Different: human body

Question 23

Superficial

Answer 23

Nearer to the surface

Question 24

Deep

Answer 24

Away from the surface

Question 25

Proximal

Answer 25

Close to

Question 26

Distal

Answer 26

Away

Question 27

Proximal and distal are _______ descriptors, meaning they need a ______ of ________

Answer 27

Relative

Point of reference

Question 28

What are 4 planes of orientation?

Answer 28

1) sagittal
2) coronal
3) horizontal
4) transverse

Question 29

Hypothetical cuts made through tissue to divide into halves or slices are called:

Answer 29

Planes of orientation

Question 30

Saggital

Answer 30

Divides the body/brain into left and right halves

Question 31

What is the difference between sagittal and midsagittal

Answer 31

Midsaggital means midline/even side to side cut, saggital can be uneven left to right

Question 32

Medial

Answer 32

Closer to the midsaggital line

Question 33

Lateral

Answer 33

Farther from the midsagittal line

Question 34

Coronal

Answer 34

Cuts the body into anterior/posterior or ventral/dorsal sides
Cuts the brain into rostral/caudal sides

Question 35

Horizontal

Answer 35

Cuts the body into superior/inferior sides

Cuts the brain into superior/inferior or ventral/dorsal sides

Question 36

Transverse

Answer 36

In general same as horizontal cut (superior/inferior)

But diagonal to the horizontal plane, needed because of the spinal cord and brainstem curve