Lecture 1- Introduction Flashcards
What are the key readings?
Garside & Grimnshaw
Race and the Criminal Justice System 2018 (Ministry of Justice
What are the key points of Garside & Grimnshaw?
There are 3 criminal jurisdictions with 3 different histories
The Good Friday agreement is the structures of contemporary police structure during the social, economic and political changes
There are 43 territorial forces for policing agencies
There are private prosecutions controversies due to abuse by powerful organisations
Civil society institutions have a role in mediating relationships between the justice system and the public
What are the key points of Ministry of Justice?
Ethnic groups appear to be over-represented through CJS- stop and search
Black individuals the most over-represented
2015-16&17-18, black children made up 20% of child victims
Stop and search- white suspects, 75% in 14-15 and 59% in 18-19
More female victims in all ethnic groups
Greater number of children in prison= minority groups
Black prisoners served the greatest proportion of their original sentence
What are the 5 components of the criminal justice system?
The police, the crown prosecution service, the courts, prisons, the probation service
What does the police do
They prevent, reassure and investigate
What does the crown prosecution service do?
Decide if there is enough evidence to charge and if it is in public interest to do so
What does the courts do?
Decide if the accused is guilty or innocent and what the sentence should be
What do the prisons do?
Hold people awaiting trial or serve a sentence decided by the court after a guilt verdict
What does the probation service do?
Deliver community alternatives to prison and supervise people on release from prison
What is a system?
A set of things that unify to make a whole and operate together
What is the conflict model of criminal justice?
A non-system components conflict, don’t share information, favour adversarial processes and represent different interests
What does the CJS reflect?
Political and social change
What is the 1950s characterised as?
Rab Butler (the conservative home secretary), lack of political in CJS
What is the 1960s characterised as?
Broad political consenscus and rehabilitative focus to concern rising crime
What is the 1970s characterised as?
Economic crisis and debates about the failtures of the CJS and policing. Low public confidence and a loss of faith in rehabilitation