lecture 1 - intro to growth and development Flashcards
what is the lifespan perspective?
pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the lifespan until death
development
what influences an individual to become the unique individual they are
what are the characteristics of the lifespan perspective
lifelong, plasticity, multidisciplinary, contextual, growth, maintenance, regulation of loss, co-construction of biology, culture
multi-dimensional
biological, socioemotional and cognitive factors
multi-directional
one component expanding vs one component shrinking
cognitive processes
changes in individual thoughts, intelligence and language
socioemotional processes
changes in individual relationships with other people, emotions and personality
biological proceses
physical nature. Development of brain, height, weight, changes in nutrition, exercise, hormones, motor skills, cardiovascular decline
nature-nurture issue
debate about whether development is primarily influenced by nature or nurture
nature
an organisms biological inheritance
nurture
environmental experiences
epigenic view
development reflects an ongoing, bio-directional interchange between genes and the environment
natural selection
evolutionary process by which individuals of a species that are best adapted are the ones that survive and reproduce
evolutionary psychology
emphasizes importance of adaption, reproduction and survival of the fittest in shaping behaviour
chromosome
threadlike structures made up of DNA
DNA
complex molecule that contain genetic info
mitosis
cell’s nucleus duplicates itself with two new cells being formed
meiosis
cell division that forms sperm and egg
fertilization
stage when egg and sperm fuse together to create a zygote
Freuds Theory
human behaviour is motivated by cultural experiences
Erikson Psychosocial Theory
primary motivation for human behaviour is social and desire to affiliate with others
what are the four stages of Piaget’s model of development
- Actively construct an understanding of the world, 2. Construct the world - organization and adapt, 3. Organise and connect experiences and adapt, 4. Adapt to the changing environment
information processing model
computer based analogy in which the development allows increase capacity to process
skinners operant conditioning
rewards and punishments shape development
Bandura’s social cognitive model
emphasis continuity of development
what does the reflective stage of Gallahue’s hourglass contain
sucking
what is the rudimentary phase of Gallahue’s model contain
Rolling, crawling, walking
what does the fundamental phase of Gallahue’s model consist of
throwing, catching, kicking
what does the specialised phase of Gallahue’s model consist of
sport specific skills
anthropometry
study of measurement of humans
what are examples of human measurements
height, weight, % body fat, body circumference, bone length
