Lecture 1: Intro to cell biology Flashcards
What are the 8 universal features of cells?
- They store info in double stranded DNA
- They replicate DNA
- Transcription of portions of DNA into RNA, then translation of RNA into proteins (central dogma)
- cells make more cells
- cells use proteins as catalysts
- can acquire and use energy (carrying out chemical reactions)
- have a plasma mb
- have constant movement
What is Brownian motion?
random movement of particles
Why is Brownian motion important?
The motion can be harnessed for the movement of cells
What are the key features of prokaryotes?
- No Nucleus (means DNA is free floating in the cyotplasm)
What are the two types of prokaryotes?
Bacteria
Archea
what are the defining features of eukaryotes
- contain a nucleus
- larger in volume than prokaryotes
how do plant cells differ from animal cells
-Plant cells have bigger vacuoles and have chloroplasts and plasmodesmata (used for communication b/w cells)
-They are also more rigid and rectangular
What is the emdosymbiont theory
combination of 2 cells living in a symbiotic relationship
What are housekeeping genes
genes in every cell type in the body
what are cell-specific genes
unique proteins
What is a cultured/vitro environment?
a controlled dish evironment
What is a cell line
homogenous cells that have undergone modifications to grow continuously in culture
what is primary culture
obtained directly from the organism (these cells have to be worked with quickly because they are not used to a controlled environment)
What are antibodies?
Proteins that protect you when an unwanted substance enters your body
What part of the cell is stained when adding Haematoxylin? And what colour is it?
Nucleic acid ( Blue )
