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HYDROLOGY > LECTURE 1: Hydrology vs. Hydraulics > Flashcards

LECTURE 1: Hydrology vs. Hydraulics Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of science that deals with the occurrence, circulation, and distribution of water

A

Hydrology

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2
Q

Concerned with the water occurring below the earth’s surface

A

Hydrology

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3
Q

Branch of Science that deals with the motion of liquids in relation to discipline such as fluid dynamics

A

Hydraulics

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4
Q
  • Most abundant substance on earth
  • Principal constituent of all living things
  • Major force constantly shaping the surface of the earth
A

Water

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5
Q

2.8% of the world’s water is composed of _________.

A

Fresh water

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6
Q

97.8% of the world’s water is composed of _________.

A

Salt water

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7
Q

What ate the three (3) states of water?

A

Solid
Liquid
Gas

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8
Q

What are the properties of water?

A

Sun’s Radiation
Acceleration due to Gravity
Ability of water to flow

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9
Q
  • water transfer cycle
  • occurs continuously in nature
  • conceptual model of how water moves between the earth’s surface atmosphere
A

Hydrologic Cycle

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10
Q

What are the different phases of hydrologic cycle?

A

Evaporation
Transpiration
Evapotranspiration
Precipitation
Infiltration
Runoff

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11
Q

It is the transfer of water from the surface of the earth to the earth’s atmosphere. It is also the liquid to gas phase of water.

A

Evaporation

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12
Q

It is the process of water vapor being emitted by plant leaves

A

Transpiration

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13
Q

It is the overall process of evaporation

A

Evapotranspiration

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14
Q

This process is a result when tiny condensation particles grow too large

A

Precipitation

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15
Q

It is the flow of water from the ground into the ground

A

Infiltration

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16
Q

It is the quantity of water discharge in surface streams

A

Runoff

17
Q

Direct conversion from solid state to vapor state

A

Sublimation

18
Q

It is the primary form of atmospheric moisture

A

Water vapor

19
Q

It is the transition process from vapor to liquid state

A

Condensation

20
Q
  • The amount of precipitation falling will slowly soak into ground and eventually reach the rivers
  • describes different ways on how we utilize water
A

Water Balance

21
Q

The total amount of water is the same, with virtually no water added to or lost from the cycle

A

Closed System

22
Q

Have the potential lead to changes in water balance

A

Human Inputs

23
Q

What are the examples of human inputs?

A

Paving
Compacting Soils
Altering the nature

24
Q

Air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration are related through the balance of “incoming and outgoing energy”, in combination with water at the earth’s surface

A

Energy and water balance

25
Q

A method by which we can account for the hydrologic cycle of a specific area, with emphasis on plants and soil moisture

A

Concept of Water Balance

26
Q

This type of approach allows an examination of the hydrologic cycle for any period of time

A

Concept of Water Balance

27
Q
  • calculated water balances for a specific area
  • also called as: drainage, water basin, discharge area, precipitation area, and watershed
A

Catchment

28
Q

Defined as the area upstream from a certain point in the water course that contributes to flow when precipitation falls

A

Catchment

29
Q

The area of catchment is determined by _______.

A

Water Divide

30
Q

Also known as a drainage divide, is any high land region that divides drainage into two (2) halves. It could be a mountain, plateau, or another terrain that separates nearby drainage basins.

A

Water Divide

31
Q

Estimates the amount of water in each component of the water cycle

A

Water Budget

32
Q

What are the components of water budget?

A

Water Inflow
Water Outflow
Change in Storage

33
Q

Components Under Water Inflow

A

Precipitation
Surface water flow
Imported water
Ground water inflow

34
Q

Components Under Water Outflow

A

Evaporation
Evapotranspiration
Surface water outflow
Exported water

35
Q

Components Under Change in Water Storage

A

Snow Pack
Unsaturated Soil Zone
Streams, Rivers, Reservoirs
Aquifers

HYDROLOGY (4 decks)

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